Abstract
Fine particles are recognized as one of the main air pollutants that could give negative effects on human health and air quality status. Increase in amount of industrial activities and vehicle could enhance the number of possible sources of PM2.5. This may increase the concentration of PM2.5 for both ambient and inside the building including school. Morphological properties and elemental composition are two components that role significantly in determination of potential sources of particulate matter. Thus, in this research, physical characteristic and elemental component for indoor and outdoor PM2.5 was determined by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX). Results show that there is significant (p < 0.05) relationship between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations at this selected school with correlation coefficients, r = 0.376. For the morphology and elemental composition analysis, it shows that there are similar shapes of indoor and ambient PM2.5 which irregular shaped and transition metal particles. For the elemental components, range for indoor elements of PM2.5 is O > Si > Ca > C > Na > Mg > Al > Cl and for outdoor PM2.5, the range is O > Si > Na > Ca > Ba > Al > Mg > K > Cl. Therefore, effect of outdoor towards indoor PM2.5 had been significantly identified in this school classroom.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of High Education (Malaysia) for Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) 203.PAWAM.6071360 and RUI USM Grant Scheme 1001.PAWAM.8014106 throughout this research.
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Suroto, A., Md. Yusof, N.F.F., Ramli, N.A., Shith, S. (2020). Morphology and Elemental Component of PM2.5 at a School Located Near Industrial Area in Malaysia. In: Mohamed Nazri, F. (eds) Proceedings of AICCE'19. AICCE 2019. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 53. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32816-0_121
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