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Plant Diversity and Distribution Pattern in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest of Eastern Ghats, India

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Socio-economic and Eco-biological Dimensions in Resource use and Conservation

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Abstract

Vegetation of a tropical dry deciduous forest of Sathanur reserve forest, Eastern Ghats, India was analyzed by laying 30 square plots (1 ha). A total of 210 plant species (75 trees and herbs, 27 shrubs and 33 climbers) were enumerated. Species richness ranged 35–84/ha. The number of tree, shrub, herb and climber species in plots varied from 7–28/ha, 5–14/0.125 ha, 10–36/50 m2 and 3–23/0.125 ha respectively. The basal area of trees ranged 7.23–43.05 m2/ha. Shannon’s index ranged from 0.716 to 2.343 for tree species. Albizia amara was the dominant tree species except for plot nos. 24 and 25, where Chloroxylon swietenia was dominant. In shrub community, Lantana camara and Clausena heptaphylla were the dominant species. Sida cordifolia and Ageratum conyzoides were the most abundant species in the herbaceous community. In climbers, Pterolobium hexapetalum was the dominant species. The dominance of ruderal weeds and exotics in the understory indicates that this forest is under the threat of anthropogenic pressure although it has been declared as a reserve forest. The present study reveals that differences in microclimate, level and kind of anthropogenic perturbation, and edaphic characteristics among the plots could be the reason for the significant spatial variation in species richness and density among the plots even though they are located within 10 km radius. However, this forest ecosystem restores rich flora similar to other tropical dry forests in India and elsewhere. To impede the plant invasion, timely measures are to be adopted to eliminate invasive species in order to retain and conserve the native diversity.

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Acknowledgements

DSG thankfully acknowledges the fellowship provided by University Grants Commission (UGC), Government of India. We thank the Tamil Nadu Forest Department for permission and help to complete the field work. We are also thankful to Prof. N. Parthasarathy, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, India for his help in identification of plants. We express our profound thanks to Mr. Pragash, Department of Earth Sciences, Pondicherry University for helping me in the preparation of study area map.

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  1. Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India

    Durai Sanjay Gandhi & Somaiah Sundarapandian

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  1. Department of Economics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Niranjan Roy

  2. Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Shubhadeep Roychoudhury

  3. Centre for Ecological Economics and Natural Resources (CEENR), Institute of Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Sunil Nautiyal

  4. Science for Equity, Empowerment and Development (SEED) Division (Innovation, Technology Development and Deployment), Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sunil K. Agarwal

  5. Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC), New Delhi, Delhi, India

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Gandhi, D.S., Sundarapandian, S. (2020). Plant Diversity and Distribution Pattern in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest of Eastern Ghats, India. In: Roy, N., Roychoudhury, S., Nautiyal, S., Agarwal, S., Baksi, S. (eds) Socio-economic and Eco-biological Dimensions in Resource use and Conservation. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32463-6_8

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