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Effect of Exogenous Medications and Anabolic Steroids on Male Reproductive and Sexual Health

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Male Infertility

Abstract

Males are responsible for half or even more of all the primary causes of infertility and the exact etiology remains unknown in many cases. Medical treatment of Male Reproductive and Sexual Health for the most prevalent diseases in contemporary societies can affect male reproduction through central hormonal axis effects, direct gonadotoxic action and effects on sperm or sexual functions. Overall, many medications frequently prescribed can have adverse effects on male fertility; however, conclusive evidence in humans is often limited. In addition, anabolic steroids have received increased attention as drugs of abuse for gaining muscle mass and improving athletic performance among men and are commonly associated with infertility accompanied by oligo- or azoospermia with abnormalities in sperm motility and morphology. Most physicians do not properly counsel their patients about potential effects on their fertility, including for medications commonly prescribed on a day-to-day basis or for drugs of abuse such as anabolic steroids. This chapter aims to highlight the adverse effects of commonly used medications and specifically of anabolic steroids on male fertility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Androscience – Science and Innovation Center and High-Complexity Clinical and Research Andrology Laboratory, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Jorge Hallak, Thiago Afonso Teixeira & Guilherme Leme de Souza

  2. Men’s Health Study Group, Institute for Advanced Studies, Division of Urology, Reproductive Toxicology Unit, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Jorge Hallak

  3. Men’s Health Study Group, Institute for Advanced Studies, Division of Urology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Thiago Afonso Teixeira

  4. School of Medicine, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa, Brazil

    Thiago Afonso Teixeira

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  1. Jorge Hallak
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  2. Thiago Afonso Teixeira
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  3. Guilherme Leme de Souza
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  1. PUR Clinic, University of Central Florida (UCF), Clermont, FL, USA

    Sijo J. Parekattil

  2. ANDROFERT and State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil

    Sandro C. Esteves

  3. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Ashok Agarwal

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Hallak, J., Teixeira, T.A., de Souza, G.L. (2020). Effect of Exogenous Medications and Anabolic Steroids on Male Reproductive and Sexual Health. In: Parekattil, S., Esteves, S., Agarwal, A. (eds) Male Infertility. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32300-4_35

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