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Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

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Practical Lymph Node and Bone Marrow Pathology

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Abstract

The myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are a group of clonal myeloid neoplasms that have some clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and other clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), at the time of initial encounter with the patient. The MDS features may include persistent cytopenia(s) and dysplasia involving one or more of the myeloid lineages, whereas the MPN features often include leukocytosis due to neutrophilia and/or monocytosis and/or thrombocytosis. Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly are often present as well. In most cases of MDS/MPN, the bone marrow specimens are hypercellular due to proliferation of at least one of the myeloid lineages, and often the proliferation is effective in at least one cell line, resulting in leukocytosis or thrombocytosis in the peripheral blood. Patients who have a preexisting MPN and later develop MDS-like features are excluded from this category; the MDS-related features may well represent disease progression and transformation in such cases. The dual myelodysplastic and proliferative features of MDS/MPN cases define their pathophysiological uniqueness and may cause diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in clinical settings. This chapter provides the current (2016 WHO) information and practical guidelines for the diagnosis and classification of MDS/MPN. A body of related literatures and representative pictures of MDS/MPN and its mimics are also included.

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  1. Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Jason X. Cheng & James W. Vardiman

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Cheng, J.X., Vardiman, J.W. (2020). Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. In: Wang, E., Lagoo, A.S. (eds) Practical Lymph Node and Bone Marrow Pathology. Practical Anatomic Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32189-5_25

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