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Near Infrared Ag2S Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Functionalization, and In Vivo Stem Cell Tracking Applications

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Near Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Near infrared fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become one of the most widely used nanoprobes in biomedical imaging researches due to their high optical and chemical stability, tunable emission, and the ability to image multiple targets. In particular, the recently developed Ag2S QDs emitting in the second near infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) have significantly improved the tissue penetration depth, sensitivity, temporal resolution, and spatial resolution of QD-based fluorescence imaging because of the minimal absorption and scattering of NIR-II light in tissues. Thus, the Ag2S QD-based fluorescence imaging has been successfully applied in numerous biomedical studies including in vivo stem cell tracking. In this chapter, we introduce methods for synthesis of photoluminescent Ag2S QDs, summarize the surface functionalization strategies for preparing highly stable and cell-targeting Ag2S QDs, and systematically illustrate the applications of Ag2S QDs in stem cell tracking.

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Abbreviations

Ald:

Alendronate

CT:

Computed tomography

DHLA:

Dihydrolipoic acid

EDC:

Ethyl(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide

FA:

Folate

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

HNSs:

Heteronanostructures

HRTEM:

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy

HuNu:

Anti-human nuclear antigen antibody

ICG:

Indocyanine green

2MPA:

2-mercaptopropionic acid

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

MTT:

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

NHS:

N-hydroxysuccinimide

NIRFI:

Near infrared fluorescence imaging

NIR-II:

The second near infrared window

NPs:

Nanoparticles

OA:

Oleic acid

ODA:

Octadecylamine

ODE:

1-octadecane

PA:

Photoacoustic

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PEI:

Polyethylene imine

PET:

Positron emission tomography

QDs:

Quantum dots

QDSSCs:

Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

QY:

Quantum yield

RES:

Reticuloendothelial system

RfLuc:

Red-emitting firefly luciferase

RGD:

Cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide

RNase A:

Ribonuclease-A

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SDF-1α:

Stromal cell-derived factor-1α

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

TNAs:

Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays

UCNPs:

Upconversion nanoparticles

XANES:

X-ray absorption near-edge structure

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFA0101503, 2017YFA0205503), the Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant No. XDB32030200) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association Program from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21778070, 21671198, 21425103, 21501192), the National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant BK20170066, BE2016682).

Author Contributions Statement G.C.C., Y.J.Z., C.Y.L., and Q.B.W. outlined the chapter, co-wrote the chapter manuscript, and made revisions to the content.

Competing Financial Interest(s) Disclosure The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China

    Guangcun Chen, Yejun Zhang, Chunyan Li & Qiangbin Wang

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  1. Guangcun Chen
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  2. Yejun Zhang
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  3. Chunyan Li
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  4. Qiangbin Wang
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Correspondence to Qiangbin Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Antonio Benayas

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Eva Hemmer

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Guosong Hong

  4. Physics of Materials Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Daniel Jaque

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Chen, G., Zhang, Y., Li, C., Wang, Q. (2020). Near Infrared Ag2S Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Functionalization, and In Vivo Stem Cell Tracking Applications. In: Benayas, A., Hemmer, E., Hong, G., Jaque, D. (eds) Near Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32036-2_11

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