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Antidesma montanum: Biochemistry and Bioactive Compounds

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Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products

Abstract

Antidesma montanum is commonly known as a mountain currant tree. Its fruits and leaves are utilized locally for food and traditional medicine, meanwhile the stem is used as source of wood. The fruit contains bioactive constituents of steroid glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins that exhibited higher antioxidant activity than at certain concentrations of standard antioxidants (i.e. vitamin E, ascorbic acid, and trolox). The leave extracts known to inhibit the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in diabetic therapy. Furthermore, the leave extracts also possessed scavenging activity against both hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals, and inhibited the nitric oxide production. Meanwhile, another studies reported on the anti-inflammatory effect of Antidesma montanum, being used to treat eye diseases, and relieving chest pain. The leaves are used externally against headache and thrush in children, for diuretic and removing kidney stone, anti-dermatitis and skin disease curing effect. A tea from the leaves is used as a tonic for mothers after giving birth and applied topically to ulcers and lumbar pains. The roots are used to treat measles, chickenpox, malaria, and stomach ache. Nevertheless, extensive research is needed to confirm the reputed beneficial effects of Antidesma montanum in traditional medicine.

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Abbreviations

DPPH:

diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

GCMS:

gas chromatography mass spectrometry

ICP-AES:

inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy

MTT:

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide

MTD:

maximum tolerable dose

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Norsharina Ismail, Nur Hanisah Azmi & Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis

  2. Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siti Nurulhuda Mastuki

  3. Laboratory of UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Norazalina Saad

Authors
  1. Norsharina Ismail
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  2. Nur Hanisah Azmi
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  3. Siti Nurulhuda Mastuki
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  4. Norazalina Saad
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  5. Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
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Correspondence to Norsharina Ismail .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ghibaish College of Science & Technology, Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Center, Ghibaish, Sudan

    Abdalbasit Adam Mariod

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Ismail, N., Azmi, N.H., Mastuki, S.N., Saad, N., Razis, A.F.A. (2019). Antidesma montanum: Biochemistry and Bioactive Compounds. In: Mariod, A. (eds) Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_27

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