Nomenclature and Classification of Cavities and Tooth Preparations

Abstract

Pathological processes that occur in the oral cavity can develop lesions on the tooth structure. Those may require a tooth preparation and a restorative procedure due to loss of dental structure, tooth sensitivity, and the need of reestablishment of form, esthetics, and function. In order to facilitate the communication among dental students and clinicians, the location and all the components of a tooth preparation must be easily identified through a specific nomenclature. This chapter describes the nomenclature of tooth preparation, including the dental planes, walls, and angles; and explains their historical classification based on the number of surfaces involved, anatomic location, extension, depth, and susceptibility of caries lesions and other defects. The nomenclature is related to all characteristics of the preparation, while the classification of lesions is also important in regard to the patients’ treatment plan, for instance whether a restorative or preventive approach should be taken into consideration.