Abstract
It is argued that a sophisticated question-answering machine that has the capability of making inferences from its data base should employ a certain four-valued logic, the motivating consideration being that minor inconsistencies in its data should not be allowed to lead (as in classical logic) to irrelevant conclusions. The actual form of the four-valued logic is ‘deduced’ from an interplay of this motivating consideration with certain ideas of Dana Scott concerning ‘approximation lattices’.
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Belnap, N.D. (2019). A Useful Four-Valued Logic. In: Omori, H., Wansing, H. (eds) New Essays on Belnap-Dunn Logic. Synthese Library, vol 418. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31136-0_5
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