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Low Velocity Impact of Marine Composites: Experiments and Theory

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Advances in Thick Section Composite and Sandwich Structures

Abstract

This chapter seeks to provide an overview on the dynamic behavior of Navy-relevant composite materials to low velocity impact, at room and extreme temperatures. The study focuses on carbon fiber laminates toward establishing a compelling body of empirical results, which could support numerical and semi-empirical models for the prediction of dynamic behavior. Experiments were carried out using a modular falling weight tower with a thermal chamber, for different energy levels. Results were collated in terms of maximum load, penetration extent, absorbed energy, indentation, delamination, and residual strength. The main novelty of the research lies in the experimental scheme which was realized to dynamically load marine panels, across a range of experimental temperatures in the presence of the water simulating realistic operating conditions of marine vessels. The setup is based on a modified falling weight machine, in which an instrumented impactor falls on a clamped specimen, resting upon a water column or it is immersed in it, at a controlled temperature. The effectiveness of two non-destructive techniques (ultra sound and electronic speckle pattern interferometry) in detecting barely-visible and non-visible impact damage was investigated. In agreement with our intuition, the presence of the water was found to critically shape the dynamic loading experienced by the panel. Preliminary insight from a physically-based theoretical model was presented to shed light on the underlying fluid-structure interaction and parametrically investigate the role of geometric and physical parameters on the dynamic response of water-backed panels subjected to low velocity impact.

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Acknowledgement

The work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (Grant N00014-10-1-0988, N00014-18-1-2218, N00014-14-1-0380, and N62909-16-1-2220) with Dr. Y.D.S. Rajapakse as the program manager.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

    Valentina Lopresto & Ilaria Papa

  2. CNR National Research Council, ICIB, Institute of Cybernetics, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy

    Vito Pagliarulo

  3. CNR National Research Council, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy

    Pietro Russo

  4. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Maurizio Porfiri

Authors
  1. Valentina Lopresto
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  2. Ilaria Papa
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  3. Vito Pagliarulo
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  4. Pietro Russo
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  5. Maurizio Porfiri
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Valentina Lopresto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA

    Sung W. Lee

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Lopresto, V., Papa, I., Pagliarulo, V., Russo, P., Porfiri, M. (2020). Low Velocity Impact of Marine Composites: Experiments and Theory. In: Lee, S. (eds) Advances in Thick Section Composite and Sandwich Structures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31065-3_8

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