Abstract
Typical models of underwater sonars are frequently discussed within the context of signal processing, with little regard to refraction effects induced by the watercolumn and amplitude/frequency dependence of backscattered energy on bottom type; such models are also valid only for monostatic configurations. In this work a sonar is viewed as a ray tracing problem: to provide accurate predictions of sonar performance (for different sonar configurations, different frequencies and different bottom types) the TRACEO beam model is used to calculate ray trajectories from the source to the bottom, and from the bottom to the receiver; backscattering models are used to compensate for propagation losses along the backscattered path. Predictions of this sonar model are presented for different bottom types and different sound speed profiles.
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Notes
- 1.
One can think of the cross -section as a sort of squared reflection coefficient: \(\sigma \approx |R|^2\).
References
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Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the European Commission Framework Program for Research and Innovation, through the grant for Strengthening Maritime Technology Research Center (STRONGMAR) project (Grant No. H2020-TWINN-2015, 692427); and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Operational program CRESC Algarve 2020, Portugal 2020, through the grant for Management System for Subsea Operations Based on Intelligent Robotic Vehicles for the Global Sea Exploration from Portugal (Oceantech) Projeto (ALG-01-0247-FEDER-02-4508).
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Rodríguez, O.C., Silva, A.J., Hughes, A.P., Moreira, A.C. (2020). Underwater Sonar as a Ray Tracing Problem. In: Monteiro, J., et al. INCREaSE 2019. INCREaSE 2019. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30938-1_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30938-1_21
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