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Cancer Immunology pp 117–132Cite as

The Role of Exhaustion in Tumor-Induced T-Cell Dysfunction in Cancer

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Abstract

T-cells are essential components of the immune system and have been the major focus of immunotherapeutic strategies to boost endogenous antitumor immunity. However, despite homing into tumor sites, infiltrating T-cells seldom control tumor growth, and T-cell-directed immunotherapy has not been successful. Initially, anergy was thought to be responsible for the nonresponsiveness of T-cells to tumors. Nevertheless, cancer has been hypothesized to be a chronic disease, in a similar fashion to chronic viral infections, where T-cells are chronically stimulated. In this scenario, tumor-specific T-cells become dysfunctional, progressively losing effector functions, such as cytolysis or cytokine secretion, a phenomenon known as T-cell exhaustion. In this chapter, we will review the concept of T-cell exhaustion, the mechanisms involved, as well as the markers employed for the identification of exhausted T-cells. To conclude, we discuss the evidence for cancer-induced exhaustion, in particular in lung cancer, in addition to the implications of this phenomenon for tumor immunology.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the partial financial support of the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), grant CB-2013-219932.

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  1. Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico

    Heriberto Prado-Garcia & Susana Romero-Garcia

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  1. Heriberto Prado-Garcia
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  2. Susana Romero-Garcia
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  1. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Nima Rezaei

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Prado-Garcia, H., Romero-Garcia, S. (2020). The Role of Exhaustion in Tumor-Induced T-Cell Dysfunction in Cancer. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Cancer Immunology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30845-2_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30845-2_8

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-30844-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-30845-2

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