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Malignant Tumors of the Central Nervous System

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Occupational Cancers

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Abstract

Malignant tumors of the central nervous system in adults comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies, the largest subgroups comprising astrocytomas, ependymomas, and oligodendrogliomas. Glioblastomas are the most common tumor type, and they have dismal prognosis. Due to differences in cell type of origin, as well as pathogenesis, it is plausible that their etiology also differs between tumor types.

The etiology of malignant CNS tumors is largely unknown and no occupational risk factors have been definitively identified. High doses of ionizing radiation increase the risk, but in occupational settings the dose levels appear too small to result in discernible excesses. Several studies have assessed possible effect of extremely low frequency and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, but the results are inconsistent. Increased brain tumor risk has been reported in agricultural workers, but no specific exposure has been linked to them. Pesticides have been analyzed in several studies without showing a clear increase in risk.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland

    Anssi Auvinen

  2. STUK—Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Environmental Surveillance, Helsinki, Finland

    Anssi Auvinen

  3. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Maryland and Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. National Cancer Institute, Office of Global Affairs, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Diana Withrow & Preetha Rajaraman

  4. Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland

    Hannu Haapasalo

  5. Fimlab Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Tampere, Finland

    Hannu Haapasalo

  6. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA

    Peter D. Inskip

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  1. Anssi Auvinen
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  2. Diana Withrow
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  3. Preetha Rajaraman
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  4. Hannu Haapasalo
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  5. Peter D. Inskip
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Correspondence to Anssi Auvinen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

    Sisko Anttila

  2. Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Paolo Boffetta

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Auvinen, A., Withrow, D., Rajaraman, P., Haapasalo, H., Inskip, P.D. (2020). Malignant Tumors of the Central Nervous System. In: Anttila, S., Boffetta, P. (eds) Occupational Cancers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30766-0_29

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