Abstract
In wire arc additive manufacturing, weld beads are deposited layer-by-layer leading to the final part geometry. The printed geometry of the weld bead depends on various factors and is therefore hard to predict and control accurately. These errors will lead to large deviation between the actual and the expected print layer thickness, deteriorates the print’s geometry and hinders subsequent print layer. This paper describes an adaptive system for Hybrid-Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing that is capable of automatically sensing, correcting and updating the printed layer behavior to address the above issues. The details of the developed system and the employed universal framework is described, and experiments were conducted to demonstrate its capabilities and effectiveness.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ding, D., Pan, Z., Cuiuri, D., Li, H.: Wire-feed additive manufacturing of metal components: technologies, developments and future interests. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 81(1–4), 465–481 (2015)
Busachi, A., Erkoyuncu, J., Colegrove, P., Martina, F., Ding, J.: Designing a WAAM based manufacturing system for defence applications. Procedia Cirp 37, 48–53 (2015)
Karunakaran, K.P., Suryakumar, S., Pushpa, V., Akula, S.: Low cost integration of additive and subtractive processes for hybrid layered manufacturing. Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 26(5), 490–499 (2010)
Williams, S.W., Martina, F., Addison, A.C., Ding, J., Pardal, G., Colegrove, P.: Wire+ arc additive manufacturing. Mater. Sci. Technol. 32(7), 641–647 (2016)
Suryakumar, S., Karunakaran, K.P., Bernard, A., Chandrasekhar, U., Raghavender, N., Sharma, D.: Weld bead modeling and process optimization in hybrid layered manufacturing. Comput. Aided Des. 43(4), 331–344 (2011)
Li, Y., Han, Q., Zhang, G., HorvĂ¡th, I.: A layers-overlapping strategy for robotic wire and arc additive manufacturing of multi-layer multi-bead components with homogeneous layers. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 96(9–12), 3331–3344 (2018)
Xiong, J., Zhang, G., Zhang, W.: Forming appearance analysis in multi-layer single-pass GMAW-based additive manufacturing. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 80(9–12), 1767–1776 (2015)
Song, Y.A., Park, S., Hwang, K., Choi, D., Jee, H.: 3D welding and milling for direct prototyping of metallic parts. In: International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (1998)
Panchagnula, J.S., Simhambhatla, S.: Manufacture of complex thin-walled metallic objects using weld-deposition based additive manufacturing. Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 49, 194–203 (2018)
Xiong, J., Zhang, G.: Adaptive control of deposited height in GMAW-based layer additive manufacturing. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 214(4), 962–968 (2014)
Song, Y.A., Park, S., Choi, D., Jee, H.: 3D welding and milling: Part I - a direct approach for freeform fabrication of metallic prototypes. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 45(9), 1057–1062 (2005)
Akula, S., Karunakaran, K.P.: Hybrid adaptive layer manufacturing: an Intelligent art of direct metal rapid tooling process. Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 22(2), 113–123 (2006)
Ma, G., Zhao, G., Li, Z., Yang, M., Xiao, W.: Optimization strategies for robotic additive and subtractive manufacturing of large and high thin-walled aluminum structures. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 1–18 (2018)
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of SUTD Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre (https://dmand.sutd.edu.sg).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dharmawan, A.G., Xiong, Y., Foong, S., Soh, G.S. (2020). Development of an Automated and Adaptive System for Robotic Hybrid-Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (H-WAAM). In: Kuo, CH., Lin, PC., Essomba, T., Chen, GC. (eds) Robotics and Mechatronics. ISRM 2019. Mechanisms and Machine Science, vol 78. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30036-4_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30036-4_29
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-30035-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-30036-4
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)