Abstract
Cellular materials offer many advantages due to their higher energy absorption capacity and strength for a given weight. The energy absorption performance is dependent on material density. Different density foams can be tailored and graded in a structure so that the merits of both low density and high density foams can be exploited. In this work, density graded polymeric foams with different configurations are examined, and their response to impact loading is studied both numerically and experimentally. Two-dimensional cell-based finite element model is developed for modeling the dynamic response of foams with different density gradation in Abaqus, a commercial finite element software. Three different types of foam structures are studied. Each of the foam structures is made up of three different density layers. The experimental investigation is also carried out on a gas gun setup incorporating high-speed imaging and is used to verify the numerical results. The stress-strain curves and the energy absorption characteristics of different graded foam structures are evaluated. It is found that the graded foam structure with higher density layer on the impact side absorbs more energy than the uniform foam structure at lower strains.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Gibson, L.J., Ashby, M.F.: Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1997)
Alkhader, M., Vural, M.: Mechanical response of cellular solids: Role of cellular topology and microstructural irregularity. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 46(10), 1035–1051 (2008)
Wang, S., Ding, Y., Wang, C., Zheng, Z., Yu, J.: Dynamic material parameters of closed-cell foams under high-velocity impact. Int. J. Impact Eng. 99, 111–121 (2017)
Ajdari, A., Nayeb-Hashemi, H., Vaziri, A.: Dynamic crushing and energy absorption of regular, irregular and functionally graded cellular structures. Int. J. Solids Struct. 48(3–4), 506–516 (2011)
Koohbor, B., Kidane, A.: Design optimization of continuously and discretely graded foam materials for efficient energy absorption. Mater. Des. 102, 151–161 (2016)
Silva, M.J., Hayes, W.C., Gibson, L.J.: The effects of non-periodic microstructure on the elastic properties of two-dimensional cellular solids. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 37(11), 1161–1177 (1995)
Sutton, M.A., Orteu, J.-J., Schreier, H.: Image Correlation for Shape, Motion and Deformation Measurements: Basic Concepts, Theory, and Applications, 1st edn. Springer, Berlin (2009)
Ravindran, S., Koohbor, B., Malchow, P., Kidane, A.: Experimental characterization of compaction wave propagation in cellular polymers. Int. J. Solids Struct. 139–140, 270–282 (2018)
Acknowledgment
The financial support of US Army Research Office (grant number W911NF-17-S-0002) is greatly acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gupta, V., Miller, D., Kidane, A. (2020). Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Density Graded Foams Subjected to Impact Loading. In: Lamberson, L. (eds) Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30021-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30021-0_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-30020-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-30021-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)