Abstract
Articular cartilage does not contain vascular, nervous, and lymphatic tissues. The absence of trophic support and the lack of access to reparative and humoral factors that promote tissue healing determine a limited repair potential of cartilage lesions [1, 2]. Due to this limited ability of regeneration in response to injury and the scarcity of therapeutic options, even minor articular cartilage lesions may lead to progressive damage and joint degeneration [3, 4]. For all these reasons, chondral lesions have always been considered difficult to treat [5]. Many therapeutic strategies were set up over the last years. Nonoperative treatment is useful only for symptoms relief and it should represent the first approach to the patient. When surgery is needed, treatment includes one-step procedures, such as cartilage debridment [6], microfractures, and osteochondral autograft transfer system (OATS) [7], and two-steps approach, including chondrocyte implantation (ACI) [8] and matrix-induced autologous chondrocytes trasplantation (MACI) [9].
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Volpi, P., Quaglia, A., de Girolamo, L. (2020). Repair by Autologous Collagen-Induced Chondrogenesis (ACIC) Technique. In: Allegra, F., Cortese, F., Lijoi, F. (eds) Ankle Joint Arthroscopy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29231-7_11
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