Abstract
This chapter claims that a Portuguese national urban agenda has been further consolidated and improved since the 1990s, having the European Union as one of its major engine and drivers. After a first overview of the background on urban policies in Portugal, a number of policy programs were studied (Polis, Polis XXI and Portugal 2020, among others), focusing on cities and sustainable urban development during the last three European Union policy programming cycles. The analysis focuses, mainly, on the typology of interventions, including target areas and actors involved, their management, governance models and implementation tools, in order to discuss major tendencies and alignments with international urban agendas. Concepts such as sustainable development, place-based policy or integrated territorial development are at the core of the debate, along with the rhetorical mainstream developed at a European and international level. The chapter settles that, in the studied period, urban policies in Portugal were progressively released from pure physical actions to adopt a rather strategic, integral, governance-based approach, encompassing community programs. The scaling up of the Portuguese national urban policy (NUP) happened at several levels, and now Portugal is considered as an explicit NUP holder, despite no consensus existing on the matter.
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Notes
- 1.
- 2.
QREN: National Strategic Reference Framework.
- 3.
Amadora, Gondomar, Lisbon, Loures, Oeiras and Oporto.
- 4.
After ten years experiences within the Community Initiative URBAN I and II, the URBAN Network France and the German–Austrian URBAN Network together with 40 URBAN cities from 10 different member states elaborated the “Declaration of Strasbourg” (“Acquis URBAN”).
- 5.
- 6.
PDCT—Partnerships for Territorial Development and Cohesion.
- 7.
By means of the de-concentrated services of CCDR/NUTS II.
- 8.
In order to be formally recognized, the 23 EIDT were subject to an assessment process (between November 2014 and April 2015) made by an Evaluation Commission, composed of representatives from the National Agency for Development and Cohesion (ADC), the National Agency for Territorial Development (DGT) and the five Regional Coordination and Development Commissions (CCDR). Evaluation methodology considered three different analytical dimensions: (i) partnership and the involvement of relevant actors; (ii) management, follow-up and monitoring; (iii) alignment with regional strategies and spatial planning plans and programs.
- 9.
OP North, OP Centre, OP Lisbon and OP Alentejo.
- 10.
Out of 278 municipalities in Portugal’s mainland.
- 11.
Under the umbrella of the PEDU, three other operational tools cropped up to guarantee alignment with the selected investment priorities: PAMUS—Action Plan for Sustainable Urban Mobility; PARU—Action Plan for Urban Regeneration; PAICD—Integrated Action Plan for Deprived Communities).
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Acknowledgements
This chapter is sponsored by Portuguese national funds through the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P.—the Portuguese national agency for science, research and technology—under the project PTDC/GES-URB/29170/2017 SOFTPLAN—From Soft Planning to Territorial Design. Practices and Prospects.
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Cavaco, C., Florentino, R., Pagliuso, A. (2020). Urban Policies in Portugal. In: Armondi, S., De Gregorio Hurtado, S. (eds) Foregrounding Urban Agendas. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29073-3_3
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