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Hallucinations

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Abstract

The second-path has a fine pedigree, since hallucinations have long been attributed to ghost sightings. In the early nineteenth century Sir Walter Scott discounted apparitions as illusions, but took the view that under certain circumstances the senses could become “deranged” and this provided a natural solution to why people reported seeing their “empty and false forms” and hearing their “idle sounds”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Inglis (1985/1986, p. 182).

  2. 2.

    Dowben et al. (2017).

  3. 3.

    Ibid., p. 220.

  4. 4.

    Ibid.

  5. 5.

    Akinci et al. (2016, p. 80).

  6. 6.

    There’s no consideration that the patient was actually attacked by a legitimate poltergeist!

  7. 7.

    Choong et al. (2007).

  8. 8.

    Price (2016, p. 51).

  9. 9.

    Parra (2015).

  10. 10.

    Billock and Tsou (2012, p. 744).

  11. 11.

    Ibid.

  12. 12.

    Maher (1999, pp. 52–53).

  13. 13.

    Ibid.

  14. 14.

    Kosman and Silbersweig (2018).

  15. 15.

    Gao et al. (2018).

  16. 16.

    Lin et al. (2018).

  17. 17.

    Arnulf (2013).

  18. 18.

    Mobbs and Watt (2011).

  19. 19.

    Arnulf (2013).

  20. 20.

    Collerton et al. (2016, pp. 198–199).

  21. 21.

    Dudley et al. (2018).

  22. 22.

    Hirakawa et al. (2016, p. 10).

  23. 23.

    Dudley et al. (2018).

  24. 24.

    Foy (2011, pp. 362–363).

  25. 25.

    Foy (2011, p. 363).

  26. 26.

    Jinks (2016, p. 77).

  27. 27.

    Evans (1984, p. 189).

  28. 28.

    Ibid.

  29. 29.

    Mobbs and Watt (2011).

  30. 30.

    Whether there is a phenomenological difference between seeing an actual man walking the corridor, and “seeing” the exact-same hallucination, is the subject matter of disjunctivism, but this is a philosophical issue beyond the scope of this book (e.g., Fish 2005; Haddock 2011).

  31. 31.

    Cancelli et al. (2004).

  32. 32.

    Parra (2015).

  33. 33.

    Collerton et al. (2005).

  34. 34.

    Tyrell (1953).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social Science and Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia

    Tony Jinks

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Jinks, T. (2019). Hallucinations. In: Psychological Perspectives on Reality, Consciousness and Paranormal Experience. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28902-7_16

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