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Introduction to Acid–Base

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Acid-Base Disorders

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Abstract

The arterial blood gas (ABG) determination is an important laboratory test in the evaluation of oxygenation and acid–base status of the body. This ABG test is most frequently done in the emergency department and critical care units. Also, this test is a valuable tool during operative procedures. When an ABG is ordered, four important values are reported: pH, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3 −). Base excess (BE) is also reported (see Chap. 3), which is used by some clinicians. The percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen in the arterial blood (SaO2) is done by either direct measurement using CO-oximetry or estimated from pO2. Only some blood gas analyzers are equipped with CO-oximeter for measurement of SaO2 directly, and other laboratories report calculated value. Mean SaO2 is 98%.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

    Alluru S. Reddi

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  1. Alluru S. Reddi
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Reddi, A.S. (2020). Introduction to Acid–Base. In: Acid-Base Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28895-2_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28895-2_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28894-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28895-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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