Abstract
This chapter aims to investigate the dynamics of the alternative communication strategies and networks created by the Brazilian punks, starting with the publishing of their first fanzines, around 1981, covering publications issued until 1985, comprising the democratic opening period after two decades of military dictatorship in Brazil. These amateur publications, produced using precarious means, redefined the strategies for visibility adopted by working-class suburban youth. The zine production attributed to the punk movement a self-referenced identity, based on the DIY ethos, within an environment hostile to their social condition. The proposed analytical approach is based on dialogue between the research on the communicative processes of marginalized social groups under the scope of Folkcommunication, and the theoretical and methodological assumptions of contemporary Critical Theory.
Translated from Portuguese by Maria Helena Marinho. This chapter is dedicated to the beloved memory of William Oliveira, the eternal Will Proletário.
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- 1.
Although the first Brazilian punk fanzines appeared in the 1980s, zine publishing practices in Brazil date back to the first decades of the twentieth century. As stated in Bruscky (2014), the first Brazilian fanzine, O Fan, was published between 1928 and 1930 by Chaplin Club, a film club in Rio de Janeiro. Also, the strengthening of an underground political and cultural press was essential for the circulation of information in the post-1964 dictatorial period.
- 2.
AI-5 was the name of the fifth institutional act sanctioned by the military dictatorship government in 1968 that suspended several constitutional civil guarantees and increased the censorship and repression of opposers of the regime.
- 3.
This stood for ‘We Chained in Hell’.
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Fanzines
1992 (1984) (ed. Redson), February.
1999 (1983) (ed. Clenira and others), Issue 3, Issue 4 and Issue 5.
1999 (1984) (ed. Clenira and others), Issue 6, June.
Alerta Punk (1983) (ed. Renato Filho), Issue 1, May/June and Issue 3, September/October.
Alerta Punk (1984) (ed. Renato Filho), Issue 4, March/April and Issue 5, June/July.
Anti-Sistema (1984) (ed. Carlos), Issue 1, July.
Anti-Sistema (1985) (ed. Carlos), Issue 3, August.
Aos Berros (1983), Issue 2 and Issue 3.
A Violência o Refúgio dos Fracos (1985), Issue 0, October/November.
Campo de Concentração (1984), May, Rio de Janeiro.
Campo de Concentração (1985) (ed. Ernane), Issue 3.
Caos (1984) (ed. Rossi), Issue 1.
Descarga Suburbana (1983), Issue 3.
Dia D (1984) (ed. Paulo Mariano), Issue 2 and Issue 3.
Dia D (1985) (ed. Paulo Mariano), Issue 5, April.
Ecos Suburbanos (1985), Issue 0.
Esgotos da Consciência (1985) (ed. Gurgel (NCP).
Es Punk (1983) (ed. Lili Martins), Issue 1, March.
Es Punk (1984) (ed. Lili Martins), Issue 3, June.
Es Punk (1985) (ed. Lili Martins), Issue 7, August.
Factor Zero (1981) (ed. David Strongos), Issue 0.
Factor Zero (1982) (ed. Strongos), Issue 2.
Horizonte Negro (1983) (ed. Karna and Maria), Issue 2, May/June/July.
Inimigos do Estado (1984) (ed. Jaime and others), Issue 1.
Lixo Cultural (1983) (ed. Caetano and others), October.
Lixo Reciclado (1983) (ed. Herr Baron Hugo Von Dragon), Issue 0, March/April.
Lixo Reciclado (1984) (ed. Waz), Issue 4, March.
Lute ou Vegete (1984) (ed. Genivaldo), Issue 1 and Issue 2.
Manifesto Punk (1983), Issue 2.
MD (1982) (ed. Dirce and Mauricio), Issue 1, August, and Issue 2, September.
MD (1984) (ed. Dirce and Mauricio), Issue 5, September.
Movimento de Protesto Punk Hardcore (1985) (ed. Cicero Moreno).
O Manifesto AntiCultura (1985) (ed. Cicero Moreno).
Opinião Punk (1984), Issue 1, March.
Opinião Punk (1985), Issue 22, February.
Raízes da Violência (1985), nº2.
Revolta Suburbana (1984) (ed. Ze), Issue 3, March, Issue 4, August/September, Issue 5, November/December.
SOS Punk (1983) (ed. Nino and Vinicius), Issue 1, April.
SP Punk (1982) (ed. Calegari), Issue 0, June, Issue 1, August.
SP Punk (1983) (ed. Calegari), Issue 2, March.
Trem Fantasma (1984) (ed. Nicolau and Ives).
Vix Punk (1982) (ed. Redson), Issue 10, May.
WC (1984) (ed. Morto), Issue 1, April.
Magazines, Newspapers and Clippings
Amarante, Leonor (1985, March 24). A resistência dos Punks ingleses e o fortalecimento dos brasileiros. São Paulo/SP.
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Various authors (1977). Há futuro para os punks? Revista IstoÉ, São Paulo/SP.
Various authors (1978). A República Tupiniquim, a vanguarda do punk. Folha de São Paulo.
Various authors (1979, December 26). Veio e durou pouco. Veja/São Paulo/SP.
Various authors (1981, December 13). Isso é caso de polícia. Folha de São Caetano/SP.
Various authors (1982, August 6). Tropa de choque. Veja (Comportamento)/São Paulo/SP.
Various authors (1983, April 24). Punks na região — Jovens desempregados pregam agressão visual. ABC; Sto André/SP Caderno C/Diário do Grande.
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Bruscky, Y. (2020). Underground Utopias: Strategies of Mediation and Resistance in the Brazilian Punk Fanzines Network (1981–1985). In: Guerra, P., Quintela, P. (eds) Punk, Fanzines and DIY Cultures in a Global World. Palgrave Studies in the History of Subcultures and Popular Music. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28876-1_5
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