Abstract
There is an increasing interest in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and subsequent conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels. Cobalt-based catalysts are widely used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of liquid fuels from syngas (CO + H2) as they have high activity, good selectivity, and superior stability for the hydrogenation of CO to long-chain hydrocarbons. However, the hydrogenation of CO2 into long-chain hydrocarbons involves both reverse water-gas shift reaction and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. As a cobalt catalyst lacks the ability to catalyze the reverse water-gas shift reaction, an active component for catalyzing reverse water-gas shift reaction such as iron and copper can be incorporated to a cobalt-based catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation. Proper catalyst supports, structures, and pretreatment can further improve the performance of cobalt-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation. The pressure and composition of the feed gas were found to have significant effects on the distribution of Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons during CO2 hydrogenation.
There are several other chemical processes that have been studied to produce chemicals and fuels from CO2 over a cobalt-based catalyst, which include hydrogenation of CO2 in a basic solution, the use of CO2 to reform CH4 to produce syngas for the subsequent synthesis of Fischer-Tropsch liquids, and electrochemical or photochemical reduction of CO2. Various catalyst supports and promoters have been studied to improve the performance of cobalt-based catalysts for those chemical processes.
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A contribution of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, supported by funds provided by US National Scientific Foundation (Grant #: HRD-1736173). Mention of a trade name, proprietary products, or company name is for presentation clarity and does not imply endorsement by the authors or the university.
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Khajeh, A., Wang, L., Shahbazi, A. (2020). Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Liquid Hydrocarbons Using Cobalt-Bearing Catalysts. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Hydrocarbons Vol. 1 Catalysis. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 40. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28622-4_1
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