Abstract
This chapter reviews the American Board of Pediatrics content for psychosocial emergencies. Included in this section are questions dealing with all types of maltreatment, behavioral disorders, and acute psychosis. Questions are geared toward diagnosis and management of emergent psychosocial disorders in preparation for the Pediatric Emergency Medicine (PEM) board examination.
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Question 1
Silber TJ, et al. Somatization disorders in adolescents and children. Pediatr Rev. 2003;24(8):255–64.
Question 2
Committee on Hospital Care and Child Life Council. AAP policy statement. Child life services. Pediatrics. 2014;133(5):1471–8.
Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, AAP and task force on pain in infants, children, and adolescents. APS. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2001;108:793–7.
Fein J, Zempsky W, Cravero J. AAP clinical report: relief of pain and anxiety in pediatric patients in emergency medicine systems. Pediatrics. 2012;130:e1391–405.
Question 3
Kost S, Roy A. Procedural sedation and analgesia in the pediatric emergency department: a review of sedative pharmacology. Clin Pediatr Emerg Med. 2010;11:233.
Krauss B, Green SM. Procedural sedation and analgesia in children. Lancet. 2006;367:766.
Question 4
Committee on Drugs. AAP Policy Statement. Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures: addendum. Pediatrics. 2002;110(4):836–8.
Question 5
Fein D, Avner JR, Khine H. Pattern of pain management during lumbar puncture in children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2010;26(5):357–60.
Mathew PJ, Mathew JL. Assessment and management of pain in infants. Postgrad Med J. 2003;79:438–43.
Question 6
Black MC, Basile KC, Breiding MJ, et al. The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2010 summary report. Atlanta: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2011.
Moylan CA, Herrenkohl TI, Sousa C, Tajima EA, Herrenkohl RC, Russo MJ. The effects of child abuse and exposure to domestic violence on internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. J Fam Violence. 2010;25(1):53–63.
Thackery JD, Hibbard R, Dowd MD, the Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, and the Committee on Injury, Violence and Poison Prevention. Intimate partner violence: the role of the pediatrician. Pediatrics. 2010;125:1094–100.
Question 7
Campbell K, Peebles R. Eating disorders in children and adolescents: state of the art review. Pediatrics. 2014;134(3):582–92.
Rosen DS. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Adolescence. Identification and management of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010;126(6):124053.
Sigel E. Eating disorders. Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2008;19(3):547–72.
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Question 8
American College of Critical Care Medicine, Ethics Committee; Society of Critical Care Medicine. Recommendations for non heartbeating organ donation. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(9):1826–31.
Committee on Hospital Care, Section on Surgery, and Section on Critical Care. AAP Policy Statement – Pediatric organ donation and transplantation. Pediatrics. 2010;125:822–8.
Statement by the President on the HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/11/21/statement-president-hiv-organ-policy-equity-hope-act. Published 21 Nov 2013.
Question 9
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of Emergency Physicians Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee; Emergency Nurses Association Pediatric Committee. Death of a child in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2014;64(1):e1–17.
Kairys SW, Alexander RC, Block RW, et al., American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect and Committee on Community Health Services. Investigation and review of unexpected infant and child deaths. Pediatrics. 1999;104(5):1158–60.
Question 10
Boekeloo BO, Novik MG. Clinical approaches to improving alcohol education and counseling in adolescents and young adults. Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2011;22(3):631–48.
Committee on Substance Abuse. Policy statement – alcohol use by youth and adolescents: a pediatric concern. Pediatrics. 2010;125(5):1078–87.
Fact Sheet – Underage Drinking. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Web Site. http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-drinking.htm. Page Updated 31 Oct 2014.
Question 11
Black D. Coping with loss. Bereavement in childhood. BMJ. 1998;316:931.
D’Antonio J. Grief and loss of a caregiver in children: a developmental perspective. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2011;49(10):17–20.
Kubler Ross E. On death and dying. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company; 1969.
Lancaster J. Developmental stages, grief, and a child’s response to death. Pediatr Ann. 2011;40(5):277–81.
Question 12
Council on Communications and Media. American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement – media violence. Pediatrics. 2009;124(5):1495.
Gentile DA, Li D, Khoo A, et al. Mediators and moderators of long-term effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior: practice, thinking, and action. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;168:450.
National television violence summary: executive summary. Academia Website. http://www.academia.edu/944389/National_Television_Violence_Study_Executive_Summary_Editor_University_of_California_Santa_Barbara. Accessed 3 Jan 2015.
Question 13
Committee on Substance Abuse. AAP policy statement substance use screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for pediatricians. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):e1330.
Ford CA, Millstein SG, Halpern-Feisher BL, Irwin CE. Influence of physician confidentiality assurances on adolescents’ willingness to disclose information and seek future health care: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1997;278(12):1029–34.
Question 14
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Hospital discharge of the high-risk neonate. Pediatrics. 2008;122:1119.
Ostfeld BM, Esposito L, Perl H, Hegyi T. Concurrent risks in sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics. 2010;125:447.
Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: expansion of recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):e1341–67.
Question 15
Dubowitz H, Bennett S. Physical abuse and neglect of children. Lancet. 2007;369:1891.
Question 16
Flaherty E, et al. From suspicion of physical child abuse to reporting primary care clinician decision-making. Pediatrics. 2008;122:611–9.
Maguire S. Which injuries may indicate abuse? Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2010;95:170–7.
Question 17
Jenny C, Crawford-Jakubiak J. Clinical report: the evaluation of children in the primary care setting when sexual abuse is suspected. Pediatrics. 2013;132:e558–67.
Kellogg N. Clinical report-The evaluation of sexual behaviors in children. Pediatrics. 2009;124:992–8.
Question 18
Jenny C, Crawford-Jakubiak J. Clinical report: the evaluation of children in the primary care setting when sexual abuse is suspected. Pediatrics. 2013;132:e558–67.
Kellogg N. Clinical report-the evaluation of sexual behaviors in children. Pediatrics. 2009;124:992–8.
Question 19
Kaufman M, and the Committee on Adolescence. Care of the adolescent sexual assault victim. Pediatrics. 2008;122(2):462–73.
2010 sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention web site. http://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment/2010/qanda/assault.htm. Published 1 Feb 2012.
Question 20
Block R, et al. Clinical report: failure to thrive as a manifestation of child neglect. Pediatrics. 2005;116(5):1234–7.
Question 21
Dubowitz H, Bennett S. Physical abuse and neglect of children. Lancet. 2007;369:1891.
Question 22
Brent DA, Baugher M, Birmaher B, Kolko DJ, Bridge J. Compliance with recommendations to remove firearms in families participating in a clinical trial for adolescent depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39:1220–6.
Zuckerbrot R, et al. Guidelines for Adolescent Depression in the Primary Care (GLAD-PC): I. Identification, assessment, and initial management. Pediatrics. 2007;120(5):e1299–310.
Question 23
Kann L, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States 2013. MMWR. 2014;63(SS04):1–168.
Shain B, the Committee on Adolescence. Clinical report: suicide and suicide attempts in adolescents. Pediatrics. 2007;120(3):669–77.
Question 24
Hilt RJ, Woodward TA. Agitation treatment for pediatric emergency patients. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;47:132–8.
Question 25
Douglas P, Hill P. Managing infants who cry excessively in the first few months of life. Br Med J. 2011;343:d7772.
Garrison M, Christakis D. A systematic review of treatments for infant colic. Pediatrics. 2000;106:184–90.
Question 26
DiMario F. Prospective study of children with cyanotic and pallid breath-holding spells. Pediatrics. 2001;107(2):265–9.
Question 27
Bennett S, et al. Anxiety disorders in children: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and course. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/anxiety-disorders-in-children-epidemiology-pathogenesis-clinical-manifestations-and-course?source=search_result&search=school+refusal&selectedTitle=2%7E150. Updated: 5 June 2018.
Question 28
Petit D, Touchette E, et al. Dyssomnias and parasomnias in early childhood. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e1016.
Question 29
Wood J, Ludwig S. Child abuse. In: Textbook of pediatric emergency medicine. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. p. 1696–8.
Question 30
Bass C, Glaser D. Early recognition and management of fabricated or induced illness in children. Lancet. 2014;383:1412.
Question 31
Blair R, et al. Conduct disorders and callous-unemotional traits in youth. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:2207–16.
Villodas M, et al. Prevention of serious conduct problems in youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Rev Neurother. 2012;12(10):1253–63.
Question 33
Dwomoh I, Dinolfo EA. Effects of homelessness on children. Pediatr Rev. 2018;39(10):530–2. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.2018-0047.
Howard BJ, Broughton DD. Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health. The pediatrician’s role in the prevention of missing children. Pediatrics. 2004;114(4):1100–5. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-1397.
Question 34
Malas N, Ortiz-Aguayo R, Giles L, et al. Pediatric somatic symptom disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017;19(11) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0760-3.
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Cortes, S., Kelly, C. (2020). Psychosocial Emergencies. In: Waseem, M., Barata, I., Chao, J., Foster, D., Kondamudi, N. (eds) Prepare for the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Board Examination. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28372-8_16
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