Abstract
This chapter aims to identify the main content and features of strategic communication, paying special attention to its organization, efficiency and ethical dimensions. The challenges for strategic communication of the European Union (EU) in their impact on the relations with Russia are analyzed. There are serious grounds for imaging further degradation of EU-Russia relations—even up to the highly undesirable and dangerous point of collapse and the use of military means. However, at the same time, there are also opportunities to increase trust and, over time, craft-friendly relations between states—not only in Europe but through the world. Of course, this will require radical changes in different countries, taking into account their national backgrounds, historical experience and shared realities and trends of the twenty-first century.
Keywords
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Stratcom, StratCom, SC and others are used rather often as abbreviations of the term “strategic communication (s).”
- 2.
The Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Communications (DNSA/SC), The Center for US Global Engagement, The Office of Policy, Planning, and Resources for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs (R/PPR) and Bureaus of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Public Affairs , and International Information Programs which are overseen by Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs ; The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs , Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration/Chief Information Officer, Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), the United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM) and other ones in this or that way dealing with strategic communication . The structures are in constant change and development.
- 3.
In addition, in the section “Communication management and strategic communication in public administration” of the journal Public Administration. Electronic Bulletin (Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia ), more than 100 articles have been published since August 2012.
- 4.
Some US restaurants rewrote their menus to offer “freedom fries” instead of French fries, and national TV networks aired scenes of angry Americans dumping bottles of French wine to protest France ’s resistance to the US talk of an invasion of Iraq . The then president Jacques Chirac of France could not get a break on US or British media (see Muhammad 2011).
- 5.
Fictitious communication exists only in the imagination of its originator.
References
ABONG (2017) Curso EAD sobre Comunicação Estratégica e Incidência Política para OSC’s. Comunicação estratégica e incidência política para organizações da sociedade civil de 26 de setembro até 28 de novembro de 2017 (EAD course on strategic communication and political impact for CSOs. Strategic communication and political impact for civil society organisations. From 26 September to 28 November 2017). Abong. 25 Aug. http://abong.org.br/noticias.php?id=10351. Accessed 22 Jan 2018.
Anderson B, Horvath B (2017) The Rise of the Weaponized AI Propaganda Machine. Medium. 12 Feb. https://medium.com/join-scout/the-rise-of-the-weaponized-ai-propaganda-machine-86dac61668b. Accessed 28 May 2019
Armistead E (ed) (2004) Information operations: the hard reality of soft power. Brassey’s Inc., Washington, DC
Arpagian N (2010) Internet et les resseaux sociaux: outils de contestations et vecteur d’influence? (The internet and social networks: tools of protest and vectors of influence?). J La Revue Internationale et strategique (International and strategic review) 78:97–102
Barbosa E (2016) Comunicação estratégica em tempos de crise (Strategic communication in times of crisis). Editora Ideias e Letras, Sao Paulo.
Bi Y, Wang J (2011) 战略传播纲要 (Essentials of strategic communication). State Administration College Press, Beijing
Brunner EM, Cavelty MD (2009) The formation of in-formation by the US military: articulation and enactment of information threat imaginaries on the immaterial battlefield of perception. J Cambridge Review of International Affairs 22(4):629–646
Byrkova E (2017) Vneshnjaja torgovlja Rossii v 2017 godu: itogi pervogo polugodija (External trade in Russia to 2017: results of the first half). Proved News. 16 Aug. http://provednews.ru/article/43722-vneshnyaya-topgovlya-possii-v-2017-godu-itogi-pepvogo-polugodiya.html. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
CA Political (2019) CA Advantage. http://ca-political.com/ca-advantage. Accessed 11 May 2019
Cambridge Analytica (2017) Cambridge Analytica appoints RNC’s Darren Bolding as Chief Technology Officer. Cision PR Newswire. 18 Jan. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cambridge-analytica-appoints-rncs-darren-bolding-as-chief-technology-officer-300392809.html. Accessed 28 May 2019
Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China (2010) China pledges to strengthen strategic communication with ROK. 5 Jul. http://www.gov.cn/english/2010-08/11/content_1677191.htm. Accessed 10 May 2019
Chossudovsky M (2019) The Strategies of Global Warfare: War with China and Russia? Washington’s Military Design in the Asia-Pacific. Global Research, 8 Jan. https://www.globalresearch.ca/the-strategies-of-global-warfare-war-with-china-and-russia-washingtons-military-design-in-the-asia-pacific-2/5541976. Accessed 28 May 2019
Committee on Foreign Affairs (2016) Draft Report on EU strategic communication to counteract propaganda against it by third parties (2016/2030(INI). European Parliament, Brussels
Cooper D (2018) Mark Zuckerberg broke his silence, but he didn’t have much to say. Yahoo Finance. 22 Mar. http://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/mark-zuckerberg-broke-silence-didn-181000673.html. Accessed 22 Mar 2018
Corman SR, Trethewey A, Goodall HL (2008) Weapons of mass persuasion: strategic communication to combat violent extremism (Frontiers in political communication). Peter Lang Inc., Bern
Defense Science Board (2004) Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Strategic Communication. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, Washington, DC
Department of Defense (2010) Report on Strategic Communication 2009. 11 Dec. The Secretary of Defense, Washington, DC
Deputy Secretary of Defense (2006) Memorandum for Secretaries of the Military Departments. 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), 25 Sep. Strategic Communication (SC). Execution Roadmap. Deputy Secretary of Defense, Washington, DC
Dinan D, Nugent N, Paterson WE (2011) The European Union in crisis. 1st edn. Palgrave Macmillan, London
Dukhanova P (2017) “SShA nuzhna vojna v Evrope”: Le Pen ob’jasnila, zachem Vashington nameren vooruzhit’ Ukrainu (“The US needs a war in Europe”: Le Pen explained why Washington intends to arm Ukraine). RT. 24 Mar. http://https://russian.rt.com/russia/article/371683-le-pen-rossiya-ukraina-gosduma. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
EAVI (2018) European Commission: fake news and online disinformation. EAVI. 14 Mar. http://eavi.eu/european-commissions-public-consultation-on-fake-news-and-online-disinformation. Accessed 10 May 2019
Embury-Dennis T (2017) Trump-Russia probe: Mueller ‘requests emails’ from Cambridge Analytica firm linked to 2016 campaign and Brexit. Independent. 15 Dec. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/donald-trump-mueller-cambridge-analytica-firm-brexit-president-election-campaign-russia-probe-latest-a8112136.html. Accessed 11 May 2019
EU East StratCom Task Force (2017) Commentary: Means, goals and consequences of the pro-Kremlin disinformation campaign. EU vs Disinfo. 19 Jan. http://euvsdisinfo.eu/commentary-means-goals-and-consequences-of-the-pro-kremlin-disinformation-campaign/. Accessed 10 May 2019
European Commission (2018) A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation. Report of the independent High Level Group on fake news and online disinformation. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg
European Parliament (2016a) EU strategic communication to counteract anti-EU propaganda by third parties. Final edition. 23 Nov. www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P8-TA-2016-0441&language=EN&ring=A8-2016-0290. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
European Parliament (2016b) Minority Opinion on EU strategic communication to counteract against it by third parties. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+REPORT+A8-2016-0290+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN#title2. Accessed 10 May 2019
European Parliament (2017) EU-Russia trade continuing despite sanctions. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2017/608817/EPRS_ATA(2017)608817_EN.pdf. Accessed 21 May 2019
European Parliament (2019) European Parliament resolution of 12 March 2019 on the state of EU-Russia political relations. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P8-TA-2019-0157&language=EN. Accessed 10 May 2019
European Union (2015) EU action plan on strategic communication. Ref. Ares(2015)2608242 – 22 Jun 2015. Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum. http://archive.eap-csf.eu/assets/files/Action%20PLan.pdf. Accessed 10 May 2019
European Union External Action (2019) Strategic communications. http://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage_en/100/Strategic%20Communications. Accessed 10 May 2019
European Union Institute for Security Studies (2016a) In depth analysis. EU strategic communications with a view to counteracting propaganda. European Parliament, Brussels
European Union Institute for Security Studies (2016b) Towards an EU global strategy – Consulting the experts. EUISS, Paris
European Union Institute for Security Studies (2016c) Strategic Communications. East and South. Report 30. EUISS, Paris
European Union Institute for Security Studies (2017) Hybrid threats and the EU. Conference Report. EUISS, Paris
Fisher A, Lucas S, James G (eds) (2011) Trials of Engagement – The Future of US Public Diplomacy. Martinus Nijhoff, Boston
Friedman G (2015) Europe: destined for conflict? Chicago Council for Global Affairs on YouTube. 04 Feb. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeLu_yyz3tc&channel=UCJiCrXs-s-pZtjBl7T_O1pQ. Accessed 10 May 2019
Gage D (2014) The continuing evolution of Strategic Communication within NATO. The Three Swords Magazine 27:53–55
Grunig LA, Grunig JE, Dozier DM (1992) Excellence in public relations and communication management. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, London
Grunig LA, Grunig JE, Dozier DM (2002) Excellent public relations and effective organizations: a study of communication management in three countries. Routledge, Mahwah, NJ
Guaszcza J (2012) The last-mile problem: How data science and behavioral science can work together. Deloitte Review. https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/deloitte-review/issue-16/behavioral-economics-predictive-analytics.html. Accessed 10 May 2019
Haukkala H (2011) The EU-Russia Strategic Partnership: The Limits of Post-Sovereignty in International Relations (Routledge Advances in International Relations and Global Politics). Routledge, London
Hellweg E (2012) 2012: The first big data election. Harvard Business Review. 13 Nov. http://hbr.org/2012/11/2012-the-first-big-data-electi. Accessed 10 May 2019
Hindustan Times (2013) Strategic communications China style. 22 Mar. http://blogs.hindustantimes.com/foreign-hand/2013/03/22/strategic-communications-china-style. Accessed 10 May 2019
Indo Asian News Service (2013) India, China say strategic communication need for trust. http://cc.bingj.com/cache.aspx?q=India%2c+China+say+strategic+communication+need+for+trust&d=4983452388101135&mkt=en-US&setlang=en-US&w=bD0bVa0lnjnaNm-PuO2ZaYGfhRPgzFGz. Accessed 10 May 2019
International Federation of Journalists (2016) Journalists’ unions warn about “confusing” EU Parliament resolution tackling anti-EU propaganda. 25 Nov. http://www.ifj.org/nc/news-single-view/backpid/1/article/journalists-unions-warn-about-confusing-eu-parliament-resolution-tackling-anti-eu-propagand. Accessed 10 May 2019
Jennings R (2018) Vietnam’s Latest Demand for Agent Orange Compensation Described as Last Resort. Voice of America – Cambodia. https://www.voacambodia.com/a/vietnam-agent-orange/4549066.html. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Karbasova OV (2010) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment vo vneshnej politike Francii v konce XX veka (Communication management in foreign policy of France in the late twentieth century). ICSPSC, Moscow
Katchanovski I (2015) The “snipers’ massacre” on the Maidan in Ukraine. Paper prepared for presentation at the annual meeting of American Political Science Association in San Francisco, September 3–6, 2015. http://www.academia.edu/8776021/The_Snipers_Massacre_on_the_Maidan_in_Ukraine. Accessed 10 May 2019
Know This (2019) Dolzhen znat’ (Know This) Fakt: armija SShA uchinila massovoe istreblenie mirnogo naselenija vo V’etname (Fact: the US army has committed mass extermination of civilians in Vietnam). http://know-this.ru/fact4. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Korovin V (2014) Tret’ja mirovaja setevaja vojna (The third world network war). Piter, Saint Petersburg
Lampiit A (2013) The real story of how big data analytics helped Obama win. Infoworld. 14 Feb. http://www.infoworld.com/article/2613587/big-data/the-real-story-of-how-big-data-analytics-helped-obama-win.html?page=2. Accessed 10 May 2019
Lev B, Daum JH (2004) The dominance of intangible assets: consequences for enterprise management and corporate reporting. Measuring Business Excellence 1:6.
Maass A-S (2016) EU-Russia Relations, 1999–2015: From Courtship to Confrontation (Routledge Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe Series). Abingdon, Routledge
Mafra R (2006) Entre o espetáculo, a festa e a argumentação: mídia, comunicação estratégica e mobilização social (Between the show, the party and the argument: media, strategic communication and social mobilization). Autentica, Belo Horizonte
Makarenko SI (2017) Informacionnoe protivoborstvo i radiojelektronnaja bor’ba v setecentricheskih vojnah nachala XXI veka (Information warfare and electronic warfare in network-centric wars of the early twenty-first century). Naukoemkie tehnologii (Science intensive technologies), Saint Petersburg
Makarychev A (2014) Russia and the EU in a Multipolar World: Discourses, Identities, Norms (Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society). Ibidem Press, Stuttgart
Martin Niemöller Foundation (2019) „Als die Nazis die Kommunisten holten…“ (“When the Nazis retrieved the communists…”). http://martin-niemoeller-stiftung.de/martin-niemoeller/als-die-nazis-die-kommunisten-holten Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Molander RC, Riddile AS, Wilson PA (1996) Strategic Information Warfare. New Face of War. National Defense Research Institute, RAND, Santa Monica.
MSLGROUP (2015) India Strategic Communications Report 2015: Inside the CMO’s Mind. MSLGROUP, Paris
Muhammad U (2011) France 24. The world through French eyes. Global Media Wars. http://www.globalmediawars.com.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/GMW/archives.jrn.columbia.edu/2010-2011/globalmediawars.com/index188e188e.html?page_id=73. Accessed 10 May 2019
Murphy MD (2008) The trouble with strategic communication (s). US Army War College, Center for Strategic Leadership, Carlisle, PA
Murphy MD (2010) Actions, images, words. Strategic communication as a key leader skill set. DoD Executive Management Training Center, Southbridge.
O’Hair D, Friedrich GW, Dixon LD (2009) Strategic Communication in Business and the Professions. 7th edn. Pearson, Boston
Obeschania.ru (2019) K 1980 godu v SSSR budet postroen kommunizm (By 1980, communism will be built in the USSR). In: Obeschania.ru. http://www.obeschania.ru/documents/promises/k-1980-g-v-sssr-budet-postroen-kommunizm. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Orlov AS (2005) Vvedenie v kommunikacionnyj menedzhment (Introduction to communication management). Gardariki, Moscow
Orlova TM (2002) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment v upravlenii jekonomicheskimi sistemami (Communication management of the economic systems). Russian Presidential Academy of the Public Administration, Moscow
Paraskova T (2017) UK Annuls Registrations Of Fraudulent Clones Of Russian Oil Firms. Oilprice.com. 23 Mar. https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/UK-Annuls-Registrations-Of-Fraudulent-Clones-Of-Russian-Oil-Firms.html. Accessed 21 May 2019
Pashentsev EN (2012) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment i strategicheskaja kommunikacija (Communication management and strategic communication). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN (2014) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment i strategicheskaja kommunikacija: sovremennye tehnologii global’nogo vlijanija i upravlenija (Communication management and strategic communication: contemporary technologies of the global influence and management). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN (ed) (2006) Pablik rilejshnz i kommunikacionnyj menedzhment: Zarubezhnyj opyt (Public relations and communication management: foreign experience). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN (ed) (2007) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment v biznese i politike (Communication Management in Business and Politics). ICSPSC (in two bands). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN, Polunina OS (2014) Prezidenty pod mediapricelom: praktika informacionnogo protivoborstva v Latinskoj Amerike (Presidents under the media scope: the practice of information warfare in Latin America). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN, Scherbakova TV (2005) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment. konsalting v svjazjah s obshhestvennost’ju (Communication management. consulting in public relations). ICSPSC, Moscow
Pashentsev EN, Simons G (eds) (2009) The rising role of communication management in world politics and business. ICSPSC, Moscow
Patterson SJ, Radtke JM (2009) Strategic communications for nonprofit organization: seven steps to creating a successful plan. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken
Paul C (2011) Strategic communication: origins, concepts, and current debates. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara
Popescu N (2015) Hybrid tactics: Russia and the West. European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris
Porotsky S (2018) The “election management” company uses big data and psychometric profiling in operations designed to suppress voter segments. Global Security Review. 23 Mar. http://globalsecurityreview.com/cambridge-analytica-darker-side-big-data/. Accessed 22 Mar 2018
President of Russian Federation (2013) Osnovy gosudarstvennoj politiki Rossijskoj Federacii v oblasti mezhdunarodnoj informacionnoj bezopasnosti na period do 2020 goda (utv. Prezidentom RF 24.07.2013 N Pr-1753) (Bases of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of the international information security for the period till 2020 (Approved by the President of the Russian Federation 24.07.2013 N PR-1753). Security Council of Russian Federation. http://www.scrf.gov.ru/security/information/document114. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
President of Russian Federation (2016) Doctrine of information security of the Russian Federation. Approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 646 of Dec 5. Security Council of Russian Federation. http://www.scrf.gov.ru/security/information/DIB_engl/. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
President of Russian Federation (2017) Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 9 maja 2017 g. № 203 “O Strategii razvitija informacionnogo obshhestva v Rossijskoj Federacii na 2017 – 2030 gody” (The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 9 No. 203 “On the Strategy of information society development in Russian Federation to 2017–2030”). Garant.Ru. https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/71570570. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Private Office of the NATO Secretary General (2009) NATO Strategic Communications Policy. 14 Sep. Public Intelligence. http://info.publicintelligence.net/NATO-STRATCOM-Policy.pdf. Accessed 10 May 2019
Rastorguev SP, Litvinenko MV (2014) Informacionnye operacii v seti Internet (Information operations on the Internet). Autonomous NCO “Center for Strategic Assessments and Forecasting” Publishers, Moscow
Ray ML (1981) Advertising and Communication Management. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Reva VE (2001) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment (Communication management). State University of Penza Press, Penza
Rosefielde S, Kuboniwa M, Mizobata D, Haba K (2018) The Unwinding of the Globalist Dream: EU, Russia and China. World Scientific, Singapore
RT (2016) ‘At war with Russia’: EU Parliament approves resolution to counter Russian media ‘propaganda’. RT. 23 Nov. www.rt.com/news/367922-eu-resolution-russian-media. Accessed 22 Jan 2018
RT (2018a) Putin konstatiroval rost VVP Rossii po itogam 2017 goda na 1,4% (Putin stated the growth of Russia’s GDP at the end of 2017 by 1.4%): RT. 17 Jan. https://russian.rt.com/business/news/475917-putin-rost-vvp-rossiya. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
RT (2018b) Oreshkin: rost rossijskoj jekonomiki v 2018 godu prevysit pokazateli proshlogo goda (Oreshkin: the growth of the Russian economy in 2018 will exceed last year). RT. 17 Jan. https://russian.rt.com/business/news/471176-oreshkin-rost-ekonomika-rossiya. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Rusprofile (2019) OOO “Klinton” (Public Corporation “Clinton”). http://www.rusprofile.ru/id/10377268#. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Russia-Briefing (2018) Russia-EU Trade up 20 Percent in 2018. 12 Dec. https://www.russia-briefing.com/news/russia-eu-trade-20-percent-growth-2018.html/. Accessed 21 May 2019
Savrutskaya EP, Kuznetsova EI, Sukhanov AI (2002) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment (Communication management) (Part 1). State Linguistic University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Nizhniy Novgorod
Schoen DE (2016) Putin’s master plan: to destroy Europe, divide NATO, and restore Russian power and global influence. Encounter Books, New York
Sedova A (2014) Dolgovoj zakat Evropy (The Debt Decline of Europe). Svobodnaya Pressa (Free Press). https://svpressa.ru/all/article/105164. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Shepel VM (ed) (2004) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment (Communication management). Gardariki, Moscow
Stovichek BE (2007) Strategic Communication. A Department of Defense Approach. US Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, PA
Strategic Communication and Public Diplomacy Policy Coordinating Committee (PCC) (2007) U. S. National Strategy for Public Diplomacy and Strategic Communication. PCC, Washington, DC
Takala R (2016) Former NSA analyst wants Clinton to explain Kremlin connection. Washington Examiner. 08 Apr. www.washingtonexaminer.com/former-nsa-analyst-wants-clinton-to-explain-kremlin-connection/article/2588011. Accessed 11 May 2019
Taylor C (2016) An investigation just found Trump has hundreds of businesses in Russia. Occupy Democrats. 16 Oct. http://occupydemocrats.com/2016/10/17/investigation-just-found-trump-hundreds-businesses-russia. Accessed 10 May 2019
The Latin Library (2019) L. Annaei Senecae Medea (Lucius Annaeus Seneca’s “Medea”). http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.medea.shtml. Accessed 21 May 2019
The Moscow Times (2016) Revealed: the strange fate of Russia’s ‘Donald Trump Ltd.’ 29 Nov. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2016/11/25/the-strange-fate-of-one-russian-trump-company-a56298. Accessed 10 May 2019
The Moscow Times (2017) Britain liquidates Russian oil companies’ fraudulent ‘clones’. 23 Mar. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2017/03/23/britain-liquidates-russian-energy-companies-fraudulent-clones-a57516. Accessed 10 May 2019
The World Bank (2018) Russia economic report #40: Russia’s economy: preserving stability; doubling growth; halving poverty – how? http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/russia/publication/rer. Accessed 21 May 2019
Thomas J (2015) The growing menace of fake LinkedIn profiles. Arabian Gazette. 15 Jan. URL: https://arabiangazette.com/fake-linkedin-profiles/. Accessed 10 Jan 2019
Tikk E, Kerttunen M (2017) The alleged demise of the UN GGE: an autopsy and eulogy. Cyber Policy Institute, New York – The Hague – Tartu – Jyvaskyla
Tkachev I, Dzyadko T (2016) V Britanii pojavilis’ “klony” krupnejshih rossijskih neftjanyh kompanij (The “clones” of the Largest Russian Oil Companies Appeared in Britain). RBC. 21 Jan. https://www.rbc.ru/economics/21/10/2016/580939839a79474a17f4bccd?from=main. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
US Congress (2008) Strategic Communication Act of 2008. A Bill to Establish the National Center for Strategic Communication to Advise the President Regarding Public Diplomacy and International Broadcasting to Promote Democracy and Human Rights, and for Other Purpose. 17 Sep. S.3546, 110 Congress, Washington, DC
US Joint Forces Command Joint Warfighting Center (2010) Commander’s Handbook for Strategic Communication and Communication Strategy, Version 3.0. US Joint Forces Command, Warfighting Center, Suffolk, VA
US Office of the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs (2010) Public Diplomacy: Strengthening U. S. Engagement with the World. A strategic approach for the 21st century. Office of the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, Washington, DC
Vinogradova EA (2015) Rol’ strategicheskoj kommunikacii vo vneshnej politike ALBA (na primere otnoshenij so stranami ES) (The role of strategic communication in the foreign policy of ALBA (on the example of relations with EU member states). PhD Thesis. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
VladTime (2016) Lavrov rasskazal o celi dovesti tovarooborot Rossii s KNR do $200 mlrd (Lavrov told about the goal to bring Russia’s trade with China to $200 billion). VladTime. 31 May. www.vladtime.ru/polit/491322. Accessed 21 Apr 2019
Volodenkov SV (2015) Internet-kommunikacii v global’nom prostranstve sovremennogo politicheskogo upravlenija (Internet communications in the global space of modern political governance). Publishing House of Moscow State University, Moscow
Web and Macros (2019) Intangible and tangible assets. http://www.webandmacros.net/assets-Balanced-Scorecard.htm. Accessed 11 May 2019
White House (2010) National Framework for Strategic Communication. White House Strategic Communications report to Congress, dated 16 Mar, released 17 Mar. White House, Washington, DC
Wilson da Costa B (2005) A Comunicacão empresarial estratégica: definido os contornos de um conceito Conexão (Strategic business communication: defining the contours of a connection concept). J Comunicação e cultura, UCS, Caxias do Sul (Communication and culture, University of Caxias do Sul) 4(7):11–20
Wylie C (2018) ‘I made Steve Bannon’s psychological warfare tool’: meet the data war whistleblower. The Guardian. 18 Mar. http://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/data-war-whistleblower-christopher-wylie-faceook-nix-bannon-trump. Accessed 10 May 2019
Zamorski A (2017) Professor-author Bruce Newman looks at state of political marketing. De Paul. 14 Nov. http://business.depaul.edu/news-events/Pages/201711/Professor-Author-Bruce-Newman-Looks-at-State-of-Political-Marketing-1110-3472.aspx. Accessed 11 May 2019
Zverintsev AB (1996) Kommunikacionnyj menedzhment. Rabochaja kniga menedzhera PR (Communication management. The working book of PR-manager). Soyuz, Saint Petersburg
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pashentsev, E. (2020). Strategic Communication in EU-Russia Relations. In: Pashentsev, E. (eds) Strategic Communication in EU-Russia Relations . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27253-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27253-1_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-27252-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-27253-1
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)