Skip to main content

Corporate Foundations in Latin America

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Handbook on Corporate Foundations

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the evolution, context, current characteristics, and future perspectives of corporate foundations in Latin America (Central and South America). The number of corporate foundations has grown considerably during the last three decades, against a backdrop of historical prevalence of informal expressions of generosity under the clout of Catholic charity and State paternalism and of a mostly unfavorable legal and fiscal framework for philanthropy. This growth has run in tandem with the advances of CSR and civil society in the region under the forces of democratization and economic liberalization, and with the encouragement of foreign donors, particularly from the USA. Due to a scarcity of data and the lack of a single legal or fiscal definition for corporate foundations, we first offer a definition reflective of regional traits and then approach corporate foundations through three case studies of Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia – the region’s most populated countries – constructed from multiple sources, including our own database of 262 corporate foundations. We identify six regional commonalities and also important variations between countries, including Brazil leading in terms of sector institutionalization, Mexico staying in close proximity to the US grantmaking model, and an idiosyncratic Colombian pattern of involvement in community development. We close the chapter with practical and research implications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aguilar Calegare, M. G., & Silva Junior, N. (2009). A “construção” do terceiro setor no Brasil: da questão social à organizacional. Revista Psicologia Política., 9, 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anheier, H. K., & Daly, S. (Eds.). (2007). The politics of foundations. A comparative analysis. Oxon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Appe, S. M., & Layton, M. D. (2016). Government and the nonprofit sector in Latin America. Nonprofit Policy Forum, 7(2), 117–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arango, M. (2002). Philanthropy in Mexico: Challenges and opportunities. ReVista: Harvard Review of Latin America, 1(3). http://revista.drclas.harvard.edu/book/philanthropy-mexico. Accessed 17 Dec 2017.

  • Association of Corporate and Family Foundations of Colombia (AFE). (n.d.). http://afecolombia.org/es-es/InformacionEstadistica. Accessed 26 Dec 2016.

  • Barbero, M. I., & Dávila, C. (2009). Introduction: A view from Latin America. Enterprises et Histoire., 54(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bárcena Ibarra, A., & Byanyima, W. (2016). Latin America is the world’s most unequal region. Here’s how to fix it. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/inequality-is-getting-worse-in-latin-america-here-s-how-to-fix-it/. Accessed 8 Jan 2017.

  • Bastos de Paula, M., & Morilha Muritiba, P. (2014). Influencia dos Fundadores na Cultura Organizacional das Fundacões de Direito Privado. Revista de Governança Corporativa, 1(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Borges, J. F., Miranda, F., & Valadão Júnior, V. M. (2007,, October–December). O Discurso Das Fundacões Corporativas: Caminhos de uma “Nova” Filantropia? RAE-Revista de Administração de Empresas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carvajal. (2016). Informe Social y Ambiental 2015. http://www.carvajal.com/informes/SocialAmbiental2015.pdf. Accessed 22 Dec 2016.

  • Cemefi. (n.d.). ¿Qué es Cemefi? https://www.cemefi.org/archivos/mision.pdf. Accessed 8 Jan 2017.

  • Cornforth, C. (2012). Nonprofit governance research: Limitations of the focus on boards and suggestions for new directions. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 41(6), 1116–1135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dávila, J. C., Dávila, C., Grisales, L., & Schnarch, D. (2014). Business goals and social commitment: Shaping organizational capabilities – Colombia’s Fundación Social (pp. 1984–2011). Bogotá: Ediciones Uniandes.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Melo Rico, E. (2004). A responsabilidade social empresarial e o Estado: uma aliança para o desenvolvimento sustentável. São Paulo em Perspectiva, 18(4).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foundation Center (FC). (2012). Key facts on corporate foundations. New York: FC. http://foundationcenter.org/gainknowledge/research/pdf/keyfacts_corp2012.pdf. Accessed 17 Dec 2017.

  • Fundación Promigas & Fundación DIS. (2012). Las fundaciones empresariales en Colombia: Una mirada a su estructura y dinámicas. Bogotá: Asociación de las Fundaciones Empresariales de Colombia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grupo de Fundaciones y Empresas (GDFE) (n.d.). Los socios GDFE. http://www.gdfe.org.ar/los-socios-gdfe. Accessed 26 Dec 2016.

  • Grupo de Institutos, Fundacões e Empresas (GIFE) (n.d.-a) Associados. http://gife.org.br/associados/. Accessed 28 Feb 2017.

  • Grupo de Institutos, Fundacões e Empresas (GIFE) (n.d.-b). Censo GIFE Online. http://censo2012.gife.org.br/bloco1.asp?st=80&c=empresarial&f=&vi=&a=&aa=. Accessed 26 Dec 2016.

  • Grupo de Institutos, Fundacões e Empresas (GIFE) & Instituto Brasileiro de Governanca Corporativa (IBGC). (2014). Guia das melhores práticas de governanca para fundacões e institutos empresariais. 2 ed. São Paulo: IBGC e GIFE. http://gife.org.br/agendas-estrategicas/. Accessed 30 Dec 2016.

  • Hauser Institute for Civil Society at Harvard University. (2016). From prosperity to purpose: Perspectives on philanthropy and social investment among wealthy individuals in Latin America. UBS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holz, M., & List, R. (2009). Centro Mexicano para la Filantropia, AC (CEMEFI). In H. K. Anheier & S. Toepler (Eds.), International encyclopedia of civil society. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Finance Corporation (IFC). (2011). Manual IFC de Gobierno de Empresas Familiares. http://semanaeconomica.com/familiasac/wp-content/uploads/sites/94/2015/09/FamilyBusinessGovernance_Handbook_Spanish-1.pdf. Accessed 22 Dec 2016.

  • Jung, T., Harrow, J., & Leat, D. (2018). Mapping philanthropic foundations’ characteristics: Towards an international integrative framework of foundation types. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 47(5), 893–917.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna, T., & Yafeh, Y. (2007). Business groups in emerging markets: Paragons or parasites? Journal of Economic Literature, 45(2), 331–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lansberg Henriquez, I. (1968). Corporate responsibility in social Progress. In A. Stromberg (Ed.), Philanthropic foundations in Latin America (pp. 183–187). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Layton, M. D. (2010). Philanthropy in Latin America. In H. K. Anheier & S. Toepler (Eds.), International encyclopedia of civil society. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • Layton, M. D. (2013). Entidades Donantes Empresariales. In J. Butcher García-Colín (Ed.), Generosidad en México: Fuentes, cauces y destinos. México: Porrúa. Centro de Investigación y Estudios sobre Sociedad Civil, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Layton, M. D. (2016). Regulation and self-regulation in the Mexican nonprofit sector. In A. Dunn, O. Breen, & M. Sidel (Eds.), Regulatory waves: Comparative perspectives on state regulation and self-regulation policies in the nonprofit sector. London: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levisky Negócios e Cultura. (2017). Conceitos e benefícios dos endowments como mecanismo de financiamento à cultura. Guía do I Fórum Internacional de Endowments. Culturais, com a parceria da Edelman Significa, IDIS e PLKC Advogados (June). http://www.leviskycultura.com.br/forum#guias

  • Logsdon, J., Thomas, D., & Van Buren, H. J. V. I. (2006). Corporate social responsibility in large Mexican firms. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, (21, 6), 51–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Cavanna, J. (2008a). Historia de una imprenta. In Viaje a la otra orilla. Historias de los que trabajan por una América Latina mejor (pp. 209–251). Bogotá: Edit. Norma.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Cavanna, J. (2008b, Mayo-Junio). Fundación Carvajal. Historia de un compromiso familiar, Compromiso Empresarial.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monteiro, H., Kisil, M., & Woods, M. (2011). Private social investment tendencies in Latin America. São Paulo: IDIS – Instituto para o Desenvolvimento do Investimento Social.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nexus Network International, McDermott, Will & Emery and Charities Aid Foundation (CAF). (2014). Rules to give by: A global philanthropy legal environment index.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price Waterhouse Coopers (PwC). (2015). State-owned enterprises: Catalysts for public value creation? Public Sector Research Centre. www.psrc.pwc.com. Accessed 2 Dec 2016.

  • Puig, N. (2016). The origins of modern family foundations in Spanish – Speaking countries: A preliminary study. In P. Fernández Pérez & A. Lluch (Eds.), Evolution of family business: Continuity and change in Latin America (pp. 57–74). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing and Fundacion BBVA.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rey-García, M., & Alvarez, L. I. (2011). Foundations and social economy: Conceptual approaches and socio-economic relevance. CIRIEC-España, Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, 73, 61–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rey-Garcia, M., & Puig, N. (2013). Globalisation and the organisation of family philanthropy: A case of isomorphism? Business History, 55(6), 1019–1046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rey-Garcia, M., Sanzo, M. J., & Alvarez, L. I. (2018). To found or to fund? Comparing the performance of corporate and non-corporate foundations. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 47(3), 514–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salamon, L. M. (2010). Rethinking corporate social engagement: Lessons from Latin America. Bloomfield: Kumarian Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salamon, L. M., & Anheier, H. K. (1998). Social origins of civil society: Explaining the nonprofit sector cross-nationally. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 9(3), 213–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanborn, C., & Portocarrero, F. (Eds.). (2006). Philanthropy and social change in Latin America (David Rockefeller Center on Latin American Studies) (Vol. 16). RCLAS: Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schommer, P. C., & Fischer, T. (1999). Cidadanía Empresarial no Brasil: os dilemas conceituais e a ação de três organizações baianas. Organizações & Sociedade, 6(15), 99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stromberg, A. (1968). Philanthropic foundations in Latin America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, A. A., & Landim, L. (1998). Civil society and philanthropy in Latin America: From religious charity to the search for citizenship. In W. Ilchman, S. Katz, & E. Queen (Eds.), Philanthropy in the world’s traditions (pp. 355–370). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S.-Mexico Foundation. (2013). Shared destiny, shared responsibility: Growing binational philanthropy for a stronger U.S.-Mexico partnership.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Fleet, J. W., Zinny, G. S., & Besharati, S. (2012). Corporate social investments in education in Latin America & the Caribbean: Mapping the magnitude of Multilatinas’ private dollars for public good. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Center for Universal Education Working PAPER 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Velasco, A. C., Silva, A. L., De Império Lima, A. L., Szazi, E., Santiago, G., Moraes, M., Oliva, R., & Andrade, S. (2015). Censo Gife 2014. São Paulo: GIFE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viesca-Sada, A. (2004). The current state of philanthropy in Mexico and Central America. Philanthropic Fundraising, 2004(46), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/pf.80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Villar, R. (2015). Private funds for social transformation: Philanthropy and social investment in Latin America Today. Group of Foundations and Corporations in Argentina (GDFE), Group of Institutes, Foundations and Corporations of Brazil (GIFE), Association of Corporate and Family Foundations of Colombia (AFE) The Mexican Center for Philanthropy (Cemefi).

    Google Scholar 

  • Villar, R., Butcher, J., Gandini, L., & Sordo, S. (2014). Fundaciones Empresariales en México: un estudio exploratorio. México, D.F.: Centro de Investigación y Estudios sobre Sociedad Civil en el Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey y Centro Mexicano para la Filantropía.

    Google Scholar 

  • Villar, R., Sordo, S., & Layton, M.D. (2017). Las Fundaciones Donantes: principales entidades donantes en México. In: Butcher García-Colín, J. (Ed.). Generosidad en México II: Fuentes, cauces y destinos, chapter 4. México, D.F.: Editorial Porrúa, Centro de Investigación y Estudios sobre Sociedad Civil, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2016). GDP ranking. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP.pdf. Accessed 22 Dec 2016.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marta Rey-Garcia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Rey-Garcia, M., Layton, M.D., Martin-Cavanna, J. (2020). Corporate Foundations in Latin America. In: Roza, L., Bethmann, S., Meijs, L., von Schnurbein, G. (eds) Handbook on Corporate Foundations. Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25759-0_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25759-0_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-25758-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-25759-0

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics