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The Golden Rule Under Uncertainty

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The Berge Equilibrium: A Game-Theoretic Framework for the Golden Rule of Ethics

Part of the book series: Static & Dynamic Game Theory: Foundations & Applications ((SDGTFA))

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Abstract

As an English proverb goes, “Between the cup and lip a morsel may slip.” This chapter is devoted to the Golden Rule under uncertainty, which accompanies every concept of equilibrium (in particular, Berge equilibrium).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Latin “Doubtful ills plague us worst.” A quote from Agamemnon 480, by Seneca the Younger. In full Lucius Annaeus Seneca, (c. 4 B.C.–65 A.D.), was a Roman philosopher, statesman, orator, and tragedian.

  2. 2.

    French “Man proposes but God disposes.” This proverb emphasizes an influence of various contingencies on one’s own plans, intentions, or even life.

  3. 3.

    An English translation of a quote from [168, p. 230].

  4. 4.

    Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., by name The Great Dissenter, (1841–1935), was a justice of the United States Supreme Court, U.S. legal historian and philosopher who advocated judicial restraint.

  5. 5.

    A house owner (H) asked a heating engineer (E) how much firewood will be required for a winter season. The latter requested information about the area of the house, the number of rooms, the location of windows, the number of fireplaces and also a mass of other technical details.

    E: You will need from three to nineteen cubic meters of firewood.

    H: Why is the answer so inaccurate?

    E: Everything depends on how severe the coming winter will be. See [98, p. 41].

  6. 6.

    Napoleon I, French in full Napoléon Bonaparte, (1769–1821), was a French general, first consul (1799–1804), and emperor of the French (1804–1814/1815).

  7. 7.

    Gaius Plinius Secundus, (23–79 A.D.), well-known as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman writer, natural philosopher and scientist.

  8. 8.

    French “Uncertainty.”

  9. 9.

    Latin “To buy a cat in the sack.” Meaning to buy something sight unseen or without knowing anything about the object.

  10. 10.

    In jeder besonderen Naturlehre nur so viel eigentliche Wissenschaft angetroffen werden könne, als darin Mathematik anzutreffen ist. (German “In every department of physical science there is only so much science, properly so-called, as there is mathematics.”) A quote from Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft (Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science) by Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), an outstanding German philosopher.

  11. 11.

    “If my husband would ever meet a woman on the street who looked the women in his paintings, he would fall over in a dead faint.” —Mrs. Picasso.

  12. 12.

    A Russian translation from a humorous mathematical glossary in [34, p. 204].

  13. 13.

    German “The fairest stars from Heaven he requireth,

    From Earth the highest raptures and the best.”

    A quote from Faust, Prologue in Heaven (Mephistopheles), by J. von Goethe. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, (1749–1832), was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist. Considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era.

  14. 14.

    French “To know everything is impossible, so one should be content with his/her own comprehension.” An English translation of a quote from Notes on the Personality of Belinskii by Ivan A. Goncharov, (1812–1891), a Russian novelist.

  15. 15.

    Latin “Each man is the maker of his own fortune.” This phrase appeared in Letters to Ceasar I by Gaius Sallustius Crispus, (86–35 B.C.), a Roman historian and politician. Considered as one of the great Latin literary stylists.

  16. 16.

    Aminad P. Shpolyanskii, well-known in the Western world as Don–Aminado, (1888–1957), was a Russian émigré poet and satirist.

  17. 17.

    Latin “For and against.”

  18. 18.

    Hermann Weyl, (1885–1955), was a German American mathematician with widely varied contributions in pure mathematics and theoretical physics.

  19. 19.

    Wladislaw Grzegorczyk, a Polish aphorist.

  20. 20.

    Blaise Pascal, (1623–1662), was a French mathematician, physicist, religious philosopher, and master of prose.

  21. 21.

    Bar Hebraeus, Arabic Ibn Al-’Ibri (“Son of the Hebrew”), or Abu al-Faraj, Latin name Gregorius, (1226–1286), was a medieval Syrian scholar noted for his encyclopaedic learning in science and philosophy. An English translation of a quote from [119, p. 21].

  22. 22.

    Laurence Johnston Peter, (1919–1990), was a Canadian educator and hierarchiologist, author of the Peter principle.

  23. 23.

    Leonhard Euler, (1707–1783), was a Swiss mathematician and physicist. Recognized as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. A quote from Leonhard Euler’s Elastic Curves, by W.A. Oldfather, C.A. Ellis and D.M. Brown, Isis, vol. 20, no. 1 (Nov., 1933), pp. 72–160.

  24. 24.

    John Robinson Jeffers, (1887–1962), was an American poet. A fragment from his poem The Great Wound.

  25. 25.

    German “That’s where the dog lies buried.” Close to the English proverb “That’s where the shoe pinches!” Used to emphasize the essence of something.

  26. 26.

    German “My worthy friend, gray are all theories,

    And green alone Life’s golden tree.” A quote from Faust, The Study (Mephistopheles), by J.W. von Goethe.

  27. 27.

    Sir Francis Bacon, (1561–1626), was an English lawyer, statesman, and philosopher.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Engineering Sciences and Information Technology, Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, Georgia

    Mindia E. Salukvadze

  2. Department of Optimal Control Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Vladislav I. Zhukovskiy

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  1. Mindia E. Salukvadze
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  2. Vladislav I. Zhukovskiy
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E. Salukvadze, M., I. Zhukovskiy, V. (2020). The Golden Rule Under Uncertainty. In: The Berge Equilibrium: A Game-Theoretic Framework for the Golden Rule of Ethics. Static & Dynamic Game Theory: Foundations & Applications. Birkhäuser, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25546-6_3

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