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Pleurotus ostreatus: A Biofactory for Lignin-Degrading Enzymes of Diverse Industrial Applications

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Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Mushrooms have been used since centuries as food and medicine in many ancient cultures. This is based on their high content of carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and many bioactive ingredients. Of different types of mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus is widely used and becomes nowadays the third important type in terms of worldwide production. P. ostreatus have been cultivated historically on tree logs, wood chops, and many other lignocellulosic biomass residues. This is based on the high capacity of mushroom to degrade complex organic lignin materials and convert them to utilizable carbohydrates. Therefore, this mushroom has been considered as high potential source for the production of lignin-degrading enzymes such as laccases, manganese peroxidases, veratryl alcohol oxidases, versatile peroxidases, heme-thiolate peroxidases, and many other biocatalysts. However, the production of these enzymes is regulated by different genes, and the enzyme yield is highly dependent on the type of substrate used, cultivation conditions, and addition of some minerals which act as enzyme cofactors. This chapter will provide up-to-date information about the enzyme system of P. ostreatus which is used for the degradation of lignocellulosic materials to support mushroom growth. Furthermore, these enzymes have a wide range of potential applications in different industries. Therefore, these types of enzymes can be used individually or in the form of enzyme cocktail in bleaching of pulp, removal of toxic phenolic compounds and toxic dyes from wastewater, biorefinery for biofuel production, and many other applications. In addition, as this type of mushroom is considered as Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thus, the produced enzyme has no limitations in terms of safety issues for application in food and feed industries.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their sincere acknowledgment for the support of MOE and UTM-RMC (Malaysia) through HICOE grant no. R.J130000.7846.4J262.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Hesham El Enshasy, Zarani Mat, Roslinda Abd Malek, Siti Zulaiha Hanapi & Daniel Joe Dailin

  2. School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Hesham El Enshasy & Daniel Joe Dailin

  3. City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt

    Hesham El Enshasy

  4. Research Unit on Analysis and Technological Development in Environment (URADTE), Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (CRAPC), Tipaza, Algeria

    Farid Agouillal

  5. Harita Go Green Sdn. Bhd., Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Ong Mei Leng

  6. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia

    Dalia Sukmawati

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  1. Hesham El Enshasy
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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangram Singh

  3. Biotech Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shashank Mishra

  4. Department of Zoology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Arti Gupta

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El Enshasy, H. et al. (2019). Pleurotus ostreatus: A Biofactory for Lignin-Degrading Enzymes of Diverse Industrial Applications. In: Yadav, A., Singh, S., Mishra, S., Gupta, A. (eds) Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25506-0_5

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