Abstract
Navigated liver surgery with or without augmented reality has been a trend within the field of minimally invasive liver surgery. In this chapter, we review recent publications regarding this interesting topic. Historical landmarks of the technical developments are cited, detailing how the navigation process has developed, which is then followed by a brief description of the equipment and the navigation workflow. We address its potential applications, possible obstacles, and solutions proposed. There is lack of sound evidence regarding the clear benefits of these technologies, but we list some available published clinical data and their potential benefits. This chapter closes with reports of the integration of newer technologies with liver surgery navigation.
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Abbreviations
- 3D:
-
3-Dimensional
- AR:
-
Augmented reality
- CT:
-
Computer tomography
- DICOM:
-
Digital imaging and communications in medicine
- EMTS:
-
Electromagnetic tracking system
- FIGS:
-
Fluorescence image-guided surgery
- IGLR:
-
Image-guided liver resection
- IGLS:
-
Image-guided liver surgery
- IOUS:
-
Intraoperative ultrasound
- MIS:
-
Minimally invasive surgery
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- MWA:
-
Microwave ablation
- NS:
-
Navigated surgery
- RFA:
-
Radiofrequency ablation
- VLM:
-
Vanished liver metastases
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Endnote
I would like to deeply thank the researchers that have developed with me the 3D LIVER tool for volumetric liver reconstruction which raised my interest for IGLS (Dario Oliveira and Raul Feitosa from the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio e Janeiro); those who helped me understand how navigation works and the challenges we face, such as James D. Stefansic (Pathfinder Radiotherapeutics Inc), Mathias Peterhans (CASCINATION), and Michele Diana (Institute for Hybrid Image-Guided Minimally Invasive Surgery IHU Strasbourg) for sharing with me huge volume of information and finally Bruno Cassaro (EXIMIUS, ARTIS TECNOLOGIA) for initiating IGLS and long-lasting collaboration in NLS in Brazil. Special thanks to Prof Jacques Marescaux for being a formidable example for those who wish to dedicate part of their lives to contribute somehow in tailoring a better future for mankind.
I would also like to thank the special efforts of two coworkers and institutional management leaders whose understanding and dedicated efforts made navigated liver surgery possible in the National Cancer Institute of Brazil, namely, José Paulo de Jesus and Reinaldo Rondinelli.
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Correia, M.M. (2020). Navigation and Augmented Reality for Liver Surgery. In: Correia, M., Choti, M., Rocha, F., Wakabayashi, G. (eds) Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25486-5_30
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