Skip to main content

Introduction: Waismann’s Rocky Strata

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Friedrich Waismann

Part of the book series: History of Analytic Philosophy ((History of Analytic Philosophy))

Abstract

Dejan Makovec suggests that the acquaintance with Gilbert Ryle and his conception of philosophy as cartography around 1945 breathed new life into Waismann’s idea of a multi-layered structure of language. A notebook on language strata from Waismann’s Nachlass shows that the metaphor is explicitly geological in analogy to sedimentary strata, adding depth to Ryle’s two-dimensional view of philosophy and language. Makovec concludes that “Language Strata” is a blueprint for Waismann’s projectionism, an alternative to the reductionist projects of his time.

For helpful comments on previous versions of this introduction I am very grateful to Michael Beaney, Katharina Bernhard, Brian Bix, Annalisa Coliva, Eugen Fischer, Christoph Limbeck-Lilienau, Johannes Morgenbesser, Katherine Morris, Lauriane Piette, Mirjam Pot, Graham Priest, Jacob Rump, Michael Ruthensteiner, Therese Sampietro, Constantine Sandis, Severin Schroeder, Stewart Shapiro, Bastian Stoppelkamp, Christof Šubik, Leonie Toggenburg, and Harry Tomany.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    It was indexed some twenty years later by Joachim Schulte (Schulte 1979).

  2. 2.

    Ryle’s lecture is reprinted under the title “Philosophical Arguments” (Ryle 2009).

  3. 3.

    For an early criticism of Waismann’s argument see Butler (1955). For a discussion of Butler’s disagreement with Waismann see Prior (1957).

References

  • Baker, Gordon P. 2003. Friedrich Waismann: A Vision of Philosophy. Philosophy 78 (304): 163–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, Ronald J. 1955. Language Strata and Alternative Logics. Australasian Journal of Philosophy 33 (2): 77–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers, David. 2012. Constructing the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Church, Alonzo. 1973a. Language Strata. by F. Waismann and A. G. N. Flew. The Journal of Symbolic Logic 38 (4): 663.

    Google Scholar 

  • Church, Alonzo. 1973b. How I See Philosophy by R. Harré and F. Waismann. The Journal of Symbolic Logic 38 (4): 663–665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cioffi, Frank. 2011. Tributes to and Impressions of Friedrich Waismann. In Friedrich Waismann—Causality and Logical Positivism, ed. Brian McGuinness. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flew, Antony. 1965. Introduction. In Logic and Language (First and second series). New York: Doubleday.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grassl, Wolfgang. 1982. Introduction. In Friedrich Waismann, Lectures on the Philosophy of Mathematics, ed. Wolfgang Grassl. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harré, Rom. 1968. Preface. In Friedrich Waismann, How I See Philosophy, ed. Rom Harré. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, Max, and Hedi Lieberman. 2011. Tributes to and Impressions of Friedrich Waismann. In Friedrich Waismann—Causality and Logical Positivism, ed. Brian McGuinness. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, John. 2011. Tributes to and Impressions of Friedrich Waismann. In Friedrich Waismann—Causality and Logical Positivism, ed. Brian McGuinness. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Machery, Edouard. 2017. Philosophy Within Its Proper Bounds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • McGuinness, Brian. 2011. Friedrich Waismann—Causality and Logical Positivism. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • McGuinness, Brian, and Joachim Schulte. 1994. Introduction. In Friedrich Waismann, Josef Schächter, and Moritz Schlick, Ethics and the Will: Essays by Friedrich Waismann, Josef Schächter and Moritz Schlick, ed. Brian McGuiness and Joachim Schulte. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parfit, Derek. 2011. On What Matters. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Prior, Arthur N. 1957. Ronald J. Butler. Language Strata and Alternative Logics. The Australasian Journal of Philosophy, vol. 33 (1955), pp. 77–87. Journal of Symbolic Logic 22 (4): 383. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/2963967.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quinton, Anthony. 1977. Introduction. In Friedrich Waismann, Philosophical Papers, ed. Brian McGuinness. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryle, Gilbert. 2009. Collected Papers, vol. 2. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte, Joachim. 1979. Der Waismann-Nachlaß Überblick – Katalog – Bibliographie. Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung 33 (1): 108–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, Stewart. 2006. Vagueness in Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Waismann, Friedrich. 1930/1931. Logische Analyse des Wahrscheinlichkeitsbegriffs. Erkenntnis (1930–1938) 1: 228–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1936. Einführung in das mathematische Denken. Vienna: Gerold.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1951. Introduction to Mathematical Thinking: The Formation of Concepts in Modern Mathematics. New York: Dover Publications

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1965. The Principles of Linguistic Philosophy, ed. Rom Harré. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1968. How I See Philosophy, ed. Rom Harré. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1976. Logik, Sprache, Philosophie, ed. Gordon P. Baker and Brian McGuinness. Stuttgart: Reclam.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1977. Philosophical Papers, ed. Brian McGuinness. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1982. Lectures on the Philosophy of Mathematics, ed. Wolfgang Grassl. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1983. Wille und Motiv, ed. Joachim Schulte. Stuttgart: Reclam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waismann, Friedrich, Josef Schächter, and Moritz Schlick. 1994. Ethics and the Will: Essays by Friedrich Waismann, Josef Schächter and Moritz Schlick, ed. Brian McGuiness and Joachim Schulte. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, Timothy. 1994. Vagueness. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, Mark. 2006. Wandering Significance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Yablo, Stephen. 2008. Thoughts: Papers on Mind, Meaning, and Modality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Archival Source

  • Waismann, Friedrich, n/s, “Sprachschichten”, Oxford: Bodleian Library, Waismann Papers, box K, K9.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dejan Makovec .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Makovec, D. (2019). Introduction: Waismann’s Rocky Strata. In: Makovec, D., Shapiro, S. (eds) Friedrich Waismann. History of Analytic Philosophy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25008-9_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics