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Evidence from Pilauco, Chile Suggests a Catastrophic Cosmic Impact Occurred Near the Site ∼12,800 Years Ago

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Pilauco: A Late Pleistocene Archaeo-paleontological Site

Part of the book series: The Latin American Studies Book Series ((LASBS))

Abstract

The Younger Dryas (YD) impact hypothesis proposes that fragments of a large, disintegrating asteroid/comet struck the Earth ∼12,800 years ago. This event simultaneously deposited high concentrations of platinum, high-temperature spherules, melt glass and nanodiamonds into the YD boundary layer (YDB) at >50 sites worldwide. Here, we report on a ∼12,800-year-old sequence at Pilauco that exhibits peak YD boundary concentrations of platinum, gold, high-temperature iron- and chromium-rich spherules and native iron particles uncommonly found together in sedimentary deposits. In addition, an erosional unconformity is associated with a large abundance peak in charcoal, representing an intense biomass-burning episode correlated with intense changes in vegetation. At Pilauco, the disappearance of megafaunal remains and dung fungi in the YDB lamina correlates well with megafaunal extinctions across the Americas. The Pilauco record is consistent with YDB impact evidence found at multiple sites on four continents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Comet Research Group, Prescott, AZ, 86301, USA

    Allen West

  2. Geology Program, School of Earth Science and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA

    Ted Bunch

  3. Center of Excellence in Remote Sensing Education and Research, Elizabeth City State University, Elizabeth City, NC, 27909, USA

    Malcolm A. Lecompte

  4. Department of Natural Sciences, Elizabeth City State University, Elizabeth City, NC, 27909, USA

    Víctor Adedeji

  5. Savannah River Archaeological Research Program, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA

    Christopher R. Moore

  6. Department of Chemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA

    Wendy S. Wolbach

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  1. Allen West
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  2. Ted Bunch
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  3. Malcolm A. Lecompte
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  4. Víctor Adedeji
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  5. Christopher R. Moore
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  6. Wendy S. Wolbach
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Correspondence to Allen West .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Mario Pino

  2. Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Giselle A. Astorga

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West, A., Bunch, T., Lecompte, M.A., Adedeji, V., Moore, C.R., Wolbach, W.S. (2020). Evidence from Pilauco, Chile Suggests a Catastrophic Cosmic Impact Occurred Near the Site ∼12,800 Years Ago. In: Pino , M., Astorga, G. (eds) Pilauco: A Late Pleistocene Archaeo-paleontological Site. The Latin American Studies Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23918-3_15

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