Abstract
Many patients with degenerative neurologic conditions undergo imaging as a routine part of a neurogenic bladder care plan. Fluoroscopy is frequently utilized during urodynamic testing to better define anatomic considerations, which could impact storage and emptying pressure measurements. Ultrasound is a common modality because it does not expose patients to radiation and gathers accurate information regarding renal unit size, shape, and degree of hydronephrosis. Computer tomography offers more anatomic and detail than fluoroscopy and ultrasound, but the radiation exposure from these studies can be considerable. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging, particularly functional MRI, now allowing practitioners to combine detailed anatomic pictures with physiologic information to better understand disease pathology. Despite the multiple different available technologies, there are few standardized recommendations as to which study to use and at what interval. Neurogenic bladder care may involve all of these imaging types at some point.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Bibliography
Reynolds WS, Dmochowski RR, Lai J, Saigal C, Penson DF, Urologic Diseases in America P. Patterns and predictors of urodynamics use in the United States. J Urol. 2013;189(5):1791–6.
Winters JC, Dmochowski RR, Goldman HB, Herndon CD, Kobashi KC, Kraus SR, et al. Urodynamic studies in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline. J Urol. 2012;188(6 Suppl):2464–72.
Stoffel JT. Chapter: Imaging techniques in the evaluation of neurogenic bladder dysfunction. In: Coros J, Ginsberg D, Karsenty G, editors. Textbook of the neurogenic bladder. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2015.
Caramella D, Donatelli G, Armillotta N, Manassero F, Traversi C, Frumento P, et al. Videourodynamics in patients with neurogenic bladder due to multiple sclerosis: our experience. Radiol Med. 2011;116(3):432–43.
Suskind AM, Cox L, Clemens JQ, Oldendorf A, Stoffel JT, Malaeb B, et al. The value of urodynamics in an academic specialty referral practice. Urology. 2017;105:48–53.
Brucker BM, Campeau L, Fong E, Kalra S, Rosenblum N, Nitti VW. Radiation exposure during videourodynamics: establishing risk factors. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2018;10(2):181–5.
Mauer A. Status and plans for implementation of NRC regulatory authority for certain naturally occurring and accelerator-produced radioactive material. J Nucl Med Technol. 2007;35(2):112–3.
Groen J, Pannek J, Castro Diaz D, Del Popolo G, Gross T, Hamid R, et al. Summary of European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on neuro-urology. Eur Urol. 2016;69(2):324–33.
Emamian SA, Nielsen MB, Pedersen JF, Ytte L. Kidney dimensions at sonography: correlation with age, sex, and habitus in 665 adult volunteers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1993;160(1):83–6.
Hoi S, Takata T, Sugihara T, Ida A, Ogawa M, Mae Y, et al. Predictive value of cortical thickness measured by ultrasonography for renal impairment: a longitudinal study in chronic kidney disease. J Clin Med. 2018;7(12). pii: E527. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7120527.
Keays MA, Guerra LA, Mihill J, Raju G, Al-Asheeri N, Geier P, et al. Reliability assessment of Society for Fetal Urology ultrasound grading system for hydronephrosis. J Urol. 2008;180(4. Suppl):1680–2; discussion2-3.
Rickard M, Easterbrook B, Kim S, Farrokhyar F, Stein N, Arora S, et al. Six of one, half a dozen of the other: a measure of multidisciplinary inter/intra-rater reliability of the society for fetal urology and urinary tract dilation grading systems for hydronephrosis. J Pediatr Urol. 2017;13(1):80 e1–5.
Gulati M, Cheng J, Loo JT, Skalski M, Malhi H, Duddalwar V. Pictorial review: renal ultrasound. Clin Imaging. 2018;51:133–54.
Adriaansen JJE, van Asbeck FWA, Bongers-Janssen HMH, Spijkerman D, Allrisc V-MJMA, et al. Description of urological surveillance and urologic ultrasonography outcomes in a cohort of individuals with long-term spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2017;23(1):78–87.
Ganesan V, Chen WM, Jain R, De S, Monga M. Multiple sclerosis and nephrolithiasis: a matched-case comparative study. BJU Int. 2017;119(6):919–25.
Cogbill TH, Ziegelbein KJ. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound imaging: basic principles, glossary of terms, and patient safety. Surg Clin North Am. 2011;91(1):1–14.
Tate DG, Forchheimer M, Rodriguez G, Chiodo A, Cameron AP, Meade M, et al. Risk factors associated with neurogenic bowel complications and dysfunction in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97(10):1679–86.
Nawfel RD, Judy PF, Schleipman AR, Silverman SG. Patient radiation dose at CT urography and conventional urography. Radiology. 2004;232(1):126–32.
Stenzl A, Frank R, Eder R, Recheis W, Knapp R, zur Nedden D, et al. 3-Dimensional computerized tomography and virtual reality endoscopy of the reconstructed lower urinary tract. J Urol. 1998;159(3):741–6.
Crivellaro S, Mami E, Wald C, Smith JJ, Kocjancic E, Stoffel J, et al. Correlation between urodynamic function and 3D cat scan anatomy in neobladders: does it exist? Neurourol Urodyn. 2009;28(3):236–40.
Berrington de Gonzalez A, Mahesh M, Kim KP, Bhargavan M, Lewis R, Mettler F, et al. Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(22):2071–7.
Liao L, Zhang F, Chen G. New grading system for upper urinary tract dilation using magnetic resonance urography in patients with neurogenic bladder. BMC Urol. 2014;14:38.
Chun CW, Jung JY, Baik JS, Jee WH, Kim SK, Shin SH. Detection of soft-tissue abscess: comparison of diffusion-weighted imaging to contrast-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2018;47(1):60–8.
Roy HA, Griffiths DJ, Aziz TZ, Green AL, Menke RAL. Investigation of urinary storage symptoms in Parkinson’s disease utilizing structural MRI techniques. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019;38:1168.
Khavari R, Elias SN, Boone T, Karmonik C. Similarity of functional connectivity patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis who void spontaneously versus patients with voiding dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019;38(1):239–47.
Zhang H, Reitz A, Kollias S, Summers P, Curt A, Schurch B. An fMRI study of the role of suprapontine brain structures in the voluntary voiding control induced by pelvic floor contraction. NeuroImage. 2005;24(1):174–80.
Scientific B. US MRI letter https://www.bostonscientific.com/content/dam/bostonscientific/uro-wh/portfolio-group/health-conditions/Erectile%20Dysfunction/US_MRI_Letter_BSC_Brand_9.3.15.pdf2015.
Dill T. Contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging: non-invasive imaging. Heart. 2008;94(7):943–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Stoffel, J.T. (2020). Neuro-urologic Imaging: A Practical Guide. In: Stoffel, J.T., Dray, E.V. (eds) Urological Care for Patients with Progressive Neurological Conditions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23277-1_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23277-1_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-23276-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-23277-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)