Abstract
Grasping is a complex human activity performed with readiness through a complicated mechanical system as an end effector, i.e. the human hand. Here, we apply a direct transcription method of discrete mechanics and optimal control with constraints (DMOCC) to reproduce human-level grasping of an object with a three-dimensional model of the hand, actuated through joint control torques. The equations of motions describing the hand dynamics are derived from a discrete variational principle based on a discrete action functional, which gives the time integrator structure-preserving properties. The grasping action is achieved through a series of constraints, which generate a hybrid dynamical system with a given switching sequence and unknown switching times. To determine a favourable trajectory for grasping action, we solve an optimal control problem (ocp) with an objective involving either the contact polygon centroid or the control torques subject to discrete Euler-Lagrange equations, boundary conditions and path constraints.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the Fraunhofer Internal Programs under Grant No. MAVO 828424.
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Phutane, U., Roller, M., Björkenstam, S., Leyendecker, S. (2020). Optimal Control Simulations of Two-Finger Precision Grasps. In: Kecskeméthy, A., Geu Flores, F. (eds) Multibody Dynamics 2019. ECCOMAS 2019. Computational Methods in Applied Sciences, vol 53. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23132-3_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23132-3_8
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