Abstract
The laterite described by Buchanan is only one member of laterite families whose members have different properties but are similar genesis. In the Rarh Plain of GBM delta, the processes of primary and secondary laterite formation are slightly different in the basis of magnitude of involving factors (i.e. type of weathered materials, source of ferralitic materials, wet–dry type of climate, fluctuation of groundwater table, topographic positions, stability of favourable environment, etc.). In the tropical geoclimatic settings, the processes of lateritization (transfers of Fe), latosolization (residual accumulation of Fe), desilication (loss of silica from the profile), and rubification (reddening the regolith and soil horizons with iron oxides) are simultaneously operated to develop distinct horizons of laterite . In this section, various chemical properties of laterite samples, lateritization processes, and applicable theory of lateritization are discussed to get ideas about the genesis of ferruginous layers in the weathering profiles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Birkeland PW (1984) Soils and geomorphology. Oxford University Press, New York
Bourman RP (1993) Perennial problems in the study of laterite: a review. Aust J Earth Sci 40(4):387–401
de Swardt AMJ (1964) Lateritization and landscape development in parts of equatorial Africa. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 8:313–333
Ghosh S, Guchhait SK (2019) Modes of formation, Palaeogene to Early Quaternary Palaeogenesis and geochronology of laterites in Rajmahal Basalt Traps and Rarh Bengal of Lower Ganga Basin. In: Das BC, Ghosh S, Islam A (eds) Quaternary geomorphology in India. Springer, Singapore, pp 25–60
Mann AW, Ollier CD (1985) Chemical diffusion and ferricrete formation. Catena Suppl 6:151–157
McFarlane MJ (1976) Laterite and landscape. Academic Press, London
Meshram RR, Randive KR (2011) Geochemical study of laterites of the Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India: implications on parent rock, mineralogy and tectonics. J Asian Earth Sci 42:1271–1287
Nahon D (1986) Evolution of iron crusts in tropical landscapes. In: Colman SM, Dethier DP (eds) Rates of chemical weathering of rocks and minerals. Academic Press, Orlando, pp 169–191
Nahon D, Janot C, Karpoff AM, Paquet H, Tardy Y (1977) Mineralogy, petrography and structures of iron-crusts developed on sandstones in the western part of Senegal. Geoderma 19:263–277
Pain CF, Ollier CD (1996) Regolith stratigraphy: principles and problems. AGSO J Aust Geol Geophy 16(3):197–202
Pascoe EH (1964) A manual of the geology of India and Burma, vol 3. Geological Survey of India, Delhi
Roy Chowdhury MK (1986) Concepts on the origin of Indian laterite in historical perspective. Proc Indian Natl Sci Acad A 52(6):1307–1323
Roy Chowdhury MK, Venkatesh V, Anandalwar MA, Paul DK (1965) Recent concepts on the origin of Indian laterite. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect A: Phys Sci A 31(6):547–558
Schaetzl RJ, Anderson S (2005) Soils: genesis and geomorphology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Schellmann W (1981) Considerations on the definition and classification of laterites. In: Proceedings of the international seminar on lateritisation processes, Trivandum, India
Schellmann W (1986) A new definition of laterite. In: Banerjee PK (ed) Lateritisation processes, vol 120. Geological Survey of India Memoir, pp 11–17
Swanson CO (1923) The origin, distribution and composition of laterite. J Am Ceram Soc 6(12). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1923.tb17709.x
Tardy Y (1982) Kaolinite and smectite stability in weathering conditions. Estud Geol 38(3):295–312
Tardy Y (1992) Diversity and terminology of laterite profile. In: Martini IP, Chesworth W (eds) Weathering, soils and paleosols. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 379–405
Tardy Y, Nahon D (1985) Geochemistry of laterites, stability of Al-goethite, Al-hematite and Fe3+-kaolinite in bauxites and ferricretes: an approach to the mechanism of concretion formation. Am J Sci 285:865–903
Tardy Y, Kobilsex B, Paquet H (1991) Mineralogical composition of geographical distribution of African and Brazilian peri-Atlantic laterites: the influence of continental drift and tropical paleoclimates during the past 150 million years and implications for India and Australia. J Afr Earth Sci 12(1–2):283–295
Taylor G, Eggleton RA (2001) Regolith geology and geomorphology. Wiley, Chichester
Trendall AF (1962) The formation of apparent peneplians by a process of combined lateritization and surface wash. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 6:183–197
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ghosh, S., Guchhait, S.K. (2020). Geochemical Properties and Lateritization Processes. In: Laterites of the Bengal Basin. SpringerBriefs in Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22937-5_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22937-5_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-22936-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-22937-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)