Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Pediatric Rhinosinusitis pp 149–156Cite as

Pediatric Sinusitis and Adenoiditis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 478 Accesses

Abstract

The symptoms of chronic adenoiditis and chronic rhinosinusitis in the pediatric population are very similar. Endoscopic evaluation and computed tomography (CT) scan of the sinus are helpful and recommended to decipher these two disease processes. Nasal endoscopy showing adenoid inflammation and drainage without inflammation or obstruction of the ostiomeatal complex is more consistent with chronic adenoiditis. Multiple theories have been used to describe the correlation between adenoid and sinusitis including adenoid hypertrophy, adenoid bacterial reservoir, and adenoid biofilms. Medical management of chronic adenoiditis includes nasal saline irrigation, nasal steroid sprays, and antibiotics. Adenoidectomy alone leads to a greater than 50% improvement in sinonasal symptoms, and should be considered the first-line surgical intervention.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cesta MF. Normal structure, function, and histology of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Toxicol Pathol. 2006;34(5):599–608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Marseglia GL, Caimmi D, Pagella F, Matti E, Labó E, Licari A, et al. Adenoids during childhood: the facts. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011;24(4 Suppl):1–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lee D, Rosenfeld RM. Adenoid bacteriology and sinonasal symptoms in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;116(3):301–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Berçin AS, Ural A, Kutluhan A, Yurttaş V. Relationship between sinusitis and adenoid size in pediatric age group. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2007;116(7):550–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Evcimik MF, Dogru M, Cirik AA, Nepesov MI. Adenoid hypertrophy in children with allergic disease and influential factors. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(5):694–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cohen D, Konak S. The evaluation of radiographs of the nasopharynx. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1985;10(2):73–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Parikh SR, Coronel M, Lee JJ, Brown SM. Validation of a new grading system for endoscopic examination of adenoid hypertrophy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;135(5):684–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brietzke SE, Shin JJ, Choi S, Lee JT, Parikh SR, Pena M, et al. Clinical consensus statement: pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;151(4):542–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Marseglia GL, Pagella F, Klersy C, Barberi S, Licari A, Ciprandi G. The 10-day mark is a good way to diagnose not only acute rhinosinusitis but also adenoiditis, as confirmed by endoscopy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;71(4):581–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Marseglia GL, Pagella F, Caimmi D, Caimmi S, Castellazzi AM, Poddighe D, et al. Increased risk of otitis media with effusion in allergic children presenting with adenoiditis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;138(5):572–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Marseglia GL, Poddighe D, Caimmi D, Marseglia A, Caimmi S, Ciprandi G, et al. Role of adenoids and adenoiditis in children with allergy and otitis media. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2009;9(6):460–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Shin KS, Cho SH, Kim KR, Tae K, Lee SH, Park CW, et al. The role of adenoids in pediatric rhinosinusitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;72(11):1643–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Coticchia J, Zuliani G, Coleman C, Carron M, Gurrola J 2nd, Haupert M, et al. Biofilm surface area in the pediatric nasopharynx: chronic rhinosinusitis vs obstructive sleep apnea. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;133(2):110–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Tuncer U, Aydogan B, Soylu L, Simsek M, Akcali C, Kucukcan A. Chronic rhinosinusitis and adenoid hypertrophy in children. Am J Otolaryngol. 2004;25(1):5–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fukuda K, Matsune S, Ushikai M, Imamura Y, Ohyama M. A study on the relationship between adenoid vegetation and rhinosinusitis. Am J Otolaryngol. 1989;10(3):214–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ramadan HH, Tiu J. Failures of adenoidectomy for chronic rhinosinusitis in children: for whom and when do they fail? Laryngoscope. 2007;117(6):1080–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Neff L, Adil EA. What is the role of the adenoid in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis? Laryngoscope. 2015;125(6):1282–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kosikowska U, Korona-Głowniak I, Niedzielski A, Malm A. Nasopharyngeal and adenoid colonization by Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae in children undergoing adenoidectomy and the ability of bacterial isolates to biofilm production. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(18):e799.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Bhattacharyya N, Jones DT, Hill M, Shapiro NL. The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;130(9):1029–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Makary CA, Ramadan HH. Sinus and upper airway surgery in children. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2018;18(5):32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Marzouk H, Aynehchi B, Thakkar P, Abramowitz T, Goldsmith A. The utility of nasopharyngeal culture in the management of chronic adenoiditis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;76(10):1413–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Brietzke SE, Brigger MT. Adenoidectomy outcomes in pediatric rhinosinusitis: a meta-analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;72(10):1541–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ramadan HH. Adenoidectomy vs endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of pediatric sinusitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;125(11):1208–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ramadan HH, Makary CA. Can computed tomography score predict outcome of adenoidectomy for chronic rhinosinusitis in children. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2014;28(1):e80–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Torretta S, Marchisio P, Rinaldi V, Carioli D, Nazzari E, Pignataro L. Endoscopic and clinical benefits of hyaluronic acid in children with chronic adenoiditis and middle ear disease. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017;274(3):1423–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Pignataro L, Marchisio P, Ibba T, Torretta S. Topically administered hyaluronic acid in the upper airway: a narrative review. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2018;32:2058738418766739.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Suggested Reading

  • Brambilla I, Pusateri A, Pagella F, Caimmi D, Caimmi S, Licari A, et al. Adenoids in children: advances in immunology, diagnosis, and surgery. Clin Anat. 2014;27(3):346–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elwany S, El-Dine AN, El-Medany A, Omran A, Mandour Z, El-Salam AA. Relationship between bacteriology of the adenoid core and middle meatus in children with sinusitis. J Laryngol Otol. 2011;125(3):279–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haapaniemi JJ. Adenoids in school-aged children. J Larngol Otol. 1995;109(3):196–202.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lusk RP, Bothwell MR, Piccirillo J. Long-term follow-up for children treated with surgical intervention for chronic rhinosinusitis. Laryngoscope. 2006;116(12):2099–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lusk RP, Stankiewicz JA. Pediatric rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;117(3 Pt 2):S53–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mora R, Dellepiane M, Crippa B, Guastini L, Santomauro V, Salami A. Ribosomal therapy in the treatment of recurrent acute adenoiditis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;267(8):1313–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira L, Monyror J, Almeida FT, Almeida FR, Guerra E, Flores-Mir C, Pachêco-Pereira C. Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2018;38:101–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saedi B, Sadeghi M, Mojtahed M, Mahboubi H. Diagnostic efficacy of different methods in the assessment of adenoid hypertrophy. Am J Otolaryngol. 2011;32(2):147–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi H, Honjo I, Fujita A, Kurata K. Effects of adenoidectomy on sinusitis. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1997;51(2):85–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Angela M. Donaldson

Authors
  1. Angela M. Donaldson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Hassan H. Ramadan

  2. Section of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and The Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA

    Fuad M. Baroody

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Donaldson, A.M. (2020). Pediatric Sinusitis and Adenoiditis. In: Ramadan, H., Baroody, F. (eds) Pediatric Rhinosinusitis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22891-0_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22891-0_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-22890-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-22891-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation