A Victimless Crime

Abstract

In this chapter, the value of fish stocks for countries in East and West Africa and the devastating impacts of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing are covered. From an economic perspective, fish stocks are relevant because they provide a vital source of income for coastal communities where artisanal fishing is often one of very few employment opportunities. Moreover, well-managed stocks boost food security. In most countries throughout the regions covered in this book, per capita consumption of fish is above the world average. At the same time, IUU fishing has been an enduring problem in both regions, primarily conducted by industrial fishing vessels registered to or owned by foreign companies. Enforcement of relevant laws and regulations is problematic due to numerous factors, including a lack of naval assets and corrupt officials. A growing amount of research related to problems caused by IUU fishing has been published over the past decade. Today, it is increasingly recognised as a key aspect of maritime security, rather than merely as an environmental issue.