Abstract
Herd behavior is a cognitive bias in humans which is one of the causes of inappropriate or irrational behavior during evacuations. Although previous work in evacuation simulations have incorporated cognitive biases for realistic results, most of this work has focused on predefined rules or roles to implement these biases, leaving them unable to investigate the cause of herd behaviors. In this paper, an evacuation decision model based on the biological response threshold model is presented to reproduce human herd behaviors in evacuations. Since this model is independent of any predefined rules, it can be used for in-depth analysis of herding. Evacuation simulations using this model reveals that the uneven spatial distribution of evacuees causes an increase in the number of evacuees per unit time. It also shows that as the population density of the room increases, the number of evacuees per unit time increases rapidly.
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Notes
- 1.
The evacuation times were unchanged regardless of the number of agents in the case of random start.
- 2.
The factors associated with the social force model are not purely physical. Psychological tendencies of two pedistrians to stay away from each other are incorporated. However, the original causes of such factors are the physical existence of walls or others, thus we call them physical factors.
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The author is grateful to Yoshikazu Shinoda and Kei Marukawa for their helpful comments and suggestions.
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Tsurushima, A. (2019). Modeling Herd Behavior Caused by Evacuation Decision Making Using Response Threshold. In: Davidsson, P., Verhagen, H. (eds) Multi-Agent-Based Simulation XIX. MABS 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11463. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22270-3_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22270-3_11
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