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Metabolomics Biomarkers for Precision Psychiatry

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The Role of Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1161))

Abstract

The treatment of psychiatric disorders remains a significant challenge in part due to imprecise diagnostic criteria and incomplete understanding of the molecular pathology involved. Current diagnostic and pharmacological treatment guidelines use a uniform approach to address each disorder even though psychiatric clinical presentation and prognosis within a disorder are known to be heterogeneous. Limited therapeutic success highlights the need for a precision medicine approach in psychiatry, termed precision psychiatry. To practice precision psychiatry, it is essential to research and develop multiple omics-based biomarkers that consider environmental factors and careful phenotype determination. Metabolomics, which lies at the endpoint of the “omics cascade,” allows for detection of alterations in systems-level metabolites within biological pathways, thereby providing insights into the mechanisms that underlie various physiological conditions and pathologies. The eicosanoids, a family of metabolites derived from oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids, play a key role in inflammatory mechanisms and have been implicated in psychiatric disorders such as anorexia nervosa and depression. This review (1) provides background on the current clinical challenges of psychiatric disorders, (2) gives an overview of metabolomics application as a tool to develop improved biomarkers for precision psychiatry, and (3) summarizes current knowledge on metabolomics and lipidomic findings in common psychiatric disorders, with a focus on eicosanoids. Metabolomics is a promising tool for precision psychiatry. This research has great potential for both discovering biomarkers and elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Pei-an (Betty) Shih

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  1. Pei-an (Betty) Shih
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Correspondence to Pei-an (Betty) Shih .

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  1. 431 Chemistry Building, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Kenneth V. Honn

  2. National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA

    Darryl C. Zeldin

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Shih, Pa.(. (2019). Metabolomics Biomarkers for Precision Psychiatry. In: Honn, K., Zeldin, D. (eds) The Role of Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1161. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_10

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