Abstract
The impulsive excitations during an underbody loading sequence in military scenarios exert a substantial axial load on the thoracolumbar spine causing severe injuries. There is a need for a biomechanical injury parameter to indicate the probability of injury of the spine in such high acceleration environments. The Dynamic Response Index (DRI), which is commonly used as the injury parameter for underbody loading scenarios, suffers from inherent disadvantages and has been reported to underpredict the chances of injury due to various reasons. A novel injury parameter based on the compression of lumbar spine capable of considering the posture of spine is obtained from a lumped mass MDOF model of lumbar spine is proposed. The model is capable of modeling axial, shear, and bending motions of individual vertebrae of lumbar spine. The effect of posture of the spine was studied for erect, normal, and slouched postures in seat ejection-type loading scenarios.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Roaf R (1960) A study of the mechanics of spinal injuries. J Bone Jt Surg 42(4):810–823 (British volume). Author F, Author S (2016) Title of a proceedings paper. In: Editor F, Editor S (eds) Conference 2016. LNCS, vol 9999, pp 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg
Latham S (1957) A study in body ballistics: seat ejection. Proc R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 147(926):121–139
Stech EL, Payne PR (1969) Dynamic models of the human body. Frost Engineering Development Corporation, Englewood, CO
Ruff S (1950) Brief acceleration: less than one second. Ger Aviat Med World War 2(1):584–597
Brinkley JW, Shaffer JT (1971) Dynamic simulation techniques for the design of escape systems: current applications and future air force requirements. No. AMRL-TR-71-29-PAPER-2. Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Lab Wright-Patterson AFB, OH
Ejection injury criteria—USAF, 8 Nov 2016
Thyagarajan R, Ramalingam J, Kulkarni KB (2014) Comparing the use of dynamic response index (DRI) and lumbar load as relevant spinal injury metrics. No. TARDEC-24373. Army Tank Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center, Warren, MI
Griffin MJ (1990) Handbook of human vibration. Academic Press, London. ISBN 0-123030412
Spurrier E et al (2015) Blast injury in the spine: dynamic response index is not an appropriate model for predicting injury. Clin Orthop Relat Res® 473(9):2929–2935
Orne D, Y King Liu (1971) A mathematical model of spinal response to impact. J Biomech 4(1):49–71
Prasad P, King AI (1974) An experimentally validated dynamic model of the spine. J Appl Mech 41(3):546–550
Belytschko T, Schwer L, Schultz A (1976) A model for analytic investigation of three-dimensional head-spine dynamics. Illinois University at Chicago Circle, Department of Materials Engineering
Belytschko T, Privitzer E (1978) Refinement and validation of a three-dimensional head-spine model. Illinois University at Chicago Circle, Department of Materials Engineering
Du C et al (2014) Biomechanical investigation of thoracolumbar spine in different postures during ejection using a combined finite element and multi‐body approach. Int J Numer Methods Biomed Eng 30(11):1121–1131
Spurrier E et al (2016) Identifying spinal injury patterns in underbody blast to develop mechanistic hypotheses. Spine 41(5):E268–E275
Keller TS, Colloca CJ, Béliveau J-G (2002) Force-deformation response of the lumbar spine: a sagittal plane model of posteroanterior manipulation and mobilization. Clin Biomech 17(3):185–196
Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW (eds) (2014) Accidental injury: biomechanics and prevention. Springer
Kassem AH, Sameh A (2008) A general framework for lumbar spine modelling and simulation. Int J Hum Factors Model Simul 1(2):211–224
Kitazaki S, Griffin MJ (1997) A modal analysis of whole-body vertical vibration, using a finite element model of the human body. J Sound Vib 200(1):83–103
Newmark NM (1959) A method of computation for structural dynamics. J Eng Mech Div 85(3):67–94
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Naveen Raj, R., Shankar, K. (2020). Using a Coupled MDOF Biodynamic Model to Study the Effect of Curvature of Spine on Lumbar Spine Compression Under Axial Loads. In: Tavares, J., Dey, N., Joshi, A. (eds) Biomedical Engineering and Computational Intelligence. BIOCOM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 32. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21726-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21726-6_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-21725-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-21726-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)