Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) of the spine has become an increasingly important concept in spinal surgery. Within the past decade, a lateral MIS approach to the lumbar spine, also known by the trademarked “extreme lateral interbody fusion ™ (XLIF)” (NuVasive, Inc., San Diego, CA), has gained popularity as a new technique. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the benefits and limitations of minimally invasive spine surgery, with a focus on advantages and disadvantages of XLIF for lumbar scoliosis. The discussion of XLIF includes indications, surgical technique, postoperative care, possible complications, and outcomes. The body of literature regarding XLIF compared to both open and minimally invasive approaches is also examined. Finally, a case study following an XLIF patient is reviewed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
McAfee PC, Phillips FM, Andersson G, Buvenenadran A, Kim CW, Lauryssen C, et al. Minimally invasive spine surgery. Spine. 2010;35(26S):S273.
Dhall SS, Wang MY, Mummaneni PV. Clinical and radiographic comparison of mini–open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in 42 patients with long-term follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(6):560–5.
Foley KT, Gupta SK. Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation of the lumbar spine: preliminary clinical results. J Neurosurg Spine. 2002;97(1):7–12.
Guiot BH, Khoo LT, Fessler RG. A minimally invasive technique for decompression of the lumbar spine. Spine. 2002;27(4):432–8.
Jaikumar S, Kim DH, Kam AC. History of minimally invasive spine surgery. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(suppl_2):14.
Khoo LT, Palmer S, Laich DT, Fessler RG. Minimally invasive percutaneous posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(suppl_2):181.
Ozgur BM, Aryan HE, Pimenta L, Taylor WR. Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion (XLIF): a novel surgical technique for anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2006;6(4):435–43.
Peng CWB, Yue WM, Poh SY, Yeo W, Tan SB. Clinical and radiological outcomes of minimally invasive versus open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Spine. 2009;34(13):1385–9.
Dakwar E, Cardona RF, Smith DA, Uribe JS. Early outcomes and safety of the minimally invasive, lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas approach for adult degenerative scoliosis. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;28(3):E8.
Anand N, Rosemann R, Khalsa B, Baron EM. Mid-term to long-term clinical and functional outcomes of minimally invasive correction and fusion for adults with scoliosis. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;28(3):E6.
Phan K, Rao PJ, Scherman DB, Dandie G, Mobbs RJ. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion for sagittal balance correction and spinal deformity. J Clin Neurosci. 2015;22(11):1714–21.
Anand N, Baron EM, Thaiyananthan G, Khalsa K, Goldstein TB. Minimally invasive multilevel percutaneous correction and fusion for adult lumbar degenerative scoliosis: a technique and feasibility study. Clin Spine Surg. 2008;21(7):459–67.
Wang MY, Mummaneni PV. Minimally invasive surgery for thoracolumbar spinal deformity: initial clinical experience with clinical and radiographic outcomes. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;28(3):E9.
Moller DJ, Slimack NP, Acosta FL Jr, Koski TR, Fessler RG, Liu JC. Minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion and transpsoas approach–related morbidity. Neurosurg Focus. 2011;31(4):E4.
Kepler CK, Bogner EA, Herzog RJ, Huang RC. Anatomy of the psoas muscle and lumbar plexus with respect to the surgical approach for lateral transpsoas interbody fusion. Eur Spine J. 2011;20(4):550–6.
Kepler CK. Minimally invasive exposure techniques of the lumbar spine. In: Baron E, Vaccaro A, editors. Operative techniques: spine surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018. p. 387–97.
Beckman JM, Uribe JS. MIS lateral lumbar interbody fusion. In: Steinmetz M, Benzel E, editors. Benzel’s spine surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017. p. 673.e1.
Regev GJ, Chen L, Dhawan M, Lee YP, Garfin SR, Kim CW. Morphometric analysis of the ventral nerve roots and retroperitoneal vessels with respect to the minimally invasive lateral approach in normal and deformed spines. Spine. 2009;34(12):1330–5.
O’Brien J, Haines C, Dooley ZA, Turner AW, Jackson D. Femoral nerve strain at L4–L5 is minimized by hip flexion and increased by table break when performing lateral interbody fusion. Spine. 2014;39(1):33–8.
Ahmadian A, Deukmedjian AR, Abel N, Dakwar E, Uribe JS. Analysis of lumbar plexopathies and nerve injury after lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas approach: diagnostic standardization: a review. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;18(3):289–97.
Uribe JS, Vale FL, Dakwar E. Electromyographic monitoring and its anatomical implications in minimally invasive spine surgery. Spine. 2010;35(26S):S374.
Fogel GR, Parikh RD, Ryu SI, Turner AW. Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;20(3):291–7.
Laws CJ, Coughlin DG, Lotz JC, Serhan HA, Hu SS. Direct lateral approach to lumbar fusion is a biomechanically equivalent alternative to the anterior approach: an in vitro study. Spine. 2012;37(10):819–25.
Cappuccino A, Cornwall GB, Turner AW, Fogel GR, Duong HT, Kim KD, et al. Biomechanical analysis and review of lateral lumbar fusion constructs. Spine. 2010;35(26S):S367.
Kim CW, Raiszadeh K, Garfin SR. Minimally invasive scoliosis treatment. In: Yue J, Guyer R, Johnson JP, Khoo LT, Hochschuler SH, editors. Comprehensive treatment of the aging spine. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011. p. 396–407.
Bach K, Ahmadian A, Deukmedjian A, Uribe JS. Minimally invasive surgical techniques in adult degenerative spinal deformity: a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(6):1749–61.
Wang MY. Percutaneous iliac screws for minimally invasive spinal deformity surgery. Minim Invasive Surg. 2012;2012:173685.
Baaj AA, Mummaneni PV, Uribe JS, Vaccaro AR, Greenberg MS. 61 minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas interbody fusion. Handbook of spine surgery. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag; 2016.
Pimenta L, Coutinho E, Sauri Barraza JC, Oliveira L. Lateral XLIF fusion techniques. In: Yue J, Guyer R, Johnson JP, Khoo LT, Hochschuler SH, editors. Comprehensive treatment of the aging spine. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011 p. 408–12.
Sardar ZM, Baron EM, Davis T, Anand N. The transpsoas approach for thoracolumbar interbody fusion. In: Baron E, Vaccaro A, editors. Operative techniques: spine surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018. p. 358–70.
Phillips FM, Isaacs RE, Rodgers WB, Khajavi K, Tohmeh AG, Deviren V, et al. Adult degenerative scoliosis treated with XLIF: clinical and radiographical results of a prospective multicenter study with 24-month follow-up. Spine. 2013;38(21):1853–61.
Caputo AM, Michael KW, Chapman TM, Massey GM, Howes CR, Isaacs RE, et al. Clinical outcomes of extreme lateral interbody fusion in the treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis. Sci World J. 2012;2012:680643.
Tormenti MJ, Maserati MB, Bonfield CM, Okonkwo DO, Kanter AS. Complications and radiographic correction in adult scoliosis following combined transpsoas extreme lateral interbody fusion and posterior pedicle screw instrumentation. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;28(3):E7.
Oliveira L, Marchi L, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. A radiographic assessment of the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion procedure to indirectly decompress the neural elements. Spine. 2010;35(26S):S337.
Youssef JA, McAfee PC, Patty CA, Raley E, DeBauche S, Shucosky E, et al. Minimally invasive surgery: lateral approach interbody fusion: results and review. Spine. 2010;35(26S):S311.
Acosta FL Jr, Drazin D, Liu JC. Supra-psoas shallow docking in lateral interbody fusion. Neurosurgery. 2013;73(suppl_1):ons52.
O’Brien JR. Nerve injury in lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Spine. 2017;42:S24.
Dua K, Kepler CK, Huang RC, Marchenko A. Vertebral body fracture after anterolateral instrumentation and interbody fusion in two osteoporotic patients. Spine J. 2010;10(9):e15.
Le TV, Baaj AA, Dakwar E, Burkett CJ, Murray G, Smith DA, et al. Subsidence of polyetheretherketone intervertebral cages in minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion. Spine. 2012;37(14):1268–73.
Keith MW, Yoon ST. Complication avoidance in the lateral approach for interbody fusion. Seminars in Spine Surgery. 2013;25(3):182–90.
Marchi L, Abdala N, Oliveira L, Amaral R, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;19(1):110–8.
Sugrue PA, Liu Kim JC. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion. In: Kim DH, Vaccaro AR, Dickman CA, Cho D, Lee S, Kim I, editors. Surgical anatomy and techniques to the spine: Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013. p. 459–69.
Moro T, Kikuchi S, Konno S, Yaginuma H. An anatomic study of the lumbar plexus with respect to retroperitoneal endoscopic surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28(5):423–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weinreb, J.H., Iweala, U., Lee, D., Yu, W., O’Brien, J.R. (2020). Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Scoliosis. In: O'Brien, J., Kalantar, S., Drazin, D., Sandhu, F. (eds) The Resident's Guide to Spine Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20847-9_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20847-9_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20846-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20847-9
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)