Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Theory of Planned Behaviour as a Frame for Job Crafting: Explaining and Enhancing Proactive Adjustment at Work

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Theoretical Approaches to Multi-Cultural Positive Psychological Interventions

Abstract

Rapid changes in the work environment require employees to proactivity shape their job characteristics to sustain motivation, energy, and performance. Traditionally, job redesign was mainly a top-down process, where the management of an organisation was in charge of defining the most appropriate job description of a mansion. Today, such an approach does not respond anymore to the challenges of the work environment, and awareness has developed among scholars and practitioners about the importance of empowering individuals to let them adjust their job characteristics to reach organisation goals, i.e. through job crafting interventions. In this theoretical contribution, we propose the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a framework to design positive psychology interventions aiming to enhance adaptive job crafting behaviours. We argue that the TPB provides a solid foundation to explicate the mechanisms by which job crafting positive interventions are expected to exert their effects on behaviour. Such an approach allows targeting the content and the tools of the interventions based on participants’ needs, effectively addressing the causal determinants of behaviour and behaviour change in multicultural organisational contexts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

TPB:

Theory of planned behaviour

References

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology and Health, 26, 1113–1127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 665–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, I. (2015). The theory of planned behaviour is alive and well, and not ready to retire: a commentary on Sniehotta, Presseau, and Araújo-Soares. Health Psychology Review, 9, 131–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22, 453–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471–499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arthur, M. B., & Rousseau, D. M. (2001). The boundaryless career: A new employment principle for a new organizational era. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagozzi, R. P., Wong, N., Abe, S., & Bergami, M. (2000). Cultural and situational contingencies and the theory of reasoned action: Application to fast food restaurant consumption. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 9, 97–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagozzi, R. P., Lee, H.-M., & van Loo, M. F. (2001). Decisions to donate bone marrow: The role of attitudes and subjective norms across cultures. Psychology and Health, 16, 29–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65, 1359–1378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Ari, O. T., Florian, V., & Mikulincer, M. (1999). The impact of mortality salience on reckless driving: A test of terror management mechanisms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 35–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bipp, T., & Demerouti, E. (2015). Which employees craft their jobs and how? Basic dimensions of personality and employees’ job crafting behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88, 631–655.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruning, P. F., & Campion, M. A. (2018). A role–resource approach–avoidance model of job crafting: A multimethod integration and extension of job crafting theory. Academy of Management Journal, 61, 499–522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Hagger, M. S. (2005). Effects of a brief intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on leisure time physical activity participation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 27, 470–487.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cordano, M., & Frieze, I. H. (2000). Pollution reduction preferences of U.S. environmental managers: Applying Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 627–641.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26, 435–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demerouti, E. (2014). Design your own job through job crafting. European Psychologist, 19, 237–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Gevers, J. M. (2015a). Job crafting and extra-role behavior: The role of work engagement and flourishing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 87–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Halbesleben, J. R. (2015b). Productive and counterproductive job crafting: A daily diary study. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20, 457–469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ennett, S. T., Tobler, N. S., Ringwalt, C. L., & Flewelling, R. L. (1994). How effective is drug abuse resistance education? A meta-analysis of Project DARE outcome evaluations. American Journal of Public Health, 84, 1394–1401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Estrada, C. A., Isen, A. M., & Young, M. J. (1997). Positive affect facilitates integration of information and decreases anchoring in reasoning among physicians. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 72, 117–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 114–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, S., & Spector, P. (2010). Instrumental counterproductive work behavior and the theory of planned behavior. A “cold cognitive” approach to complement “hot affective” theories of CWB. In L. L. Neider & C. A. Schriesheim (Eds.), The “dark” side of management (pp. 93–114). Charlotte, NC: IAP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fugate, M., Kinicki, A. J., & Ashforth, B. E. (2004). Employability: A psycho-social construct, its dimensions, and applications. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 14–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P. (2006). Implementation intentions and goal achievement: A meta‐analysis of effects and processes. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 69–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, A. M., & Ashford, S. J. (2008). The dynamics of proactivity at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 3–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., Barkoukis, V., Wang, J. C., Hein, V., Pihu, M., … & Karsai, I. (2007). Cross-cultural generalizability of the theory of planned behavior among young people in a physical activity context. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 29, 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hakanen, J. J., Peeters, M. C., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2017). Different types of employee well-being across time and their relationships with job crafting. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. Advanced online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000081.

  • Hall, D. T. (2002). Careers in and out of organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haus, I., Steinmetz, H., Isidor, R., & Kabst, R. (2013). Gender effects on entrepreneurial intention: A meta-analytical structural equation model. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 5, 130–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E., Gintis, H., et al. (2005). ‘‘Economic man’’ in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 795–815.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. London: McGrawHill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karasek, R., & Theorell, T. (1990). Healthy work: Stress, productivity, and the reconstruction of working life. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leana, C. R., & Rousseau, D. M. (2000). Relational wealth: the advantages of stability in a changing economy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lichtenthaler, P. W., & Fischbach, A. (2018). A meta-analysis on promotion-and prevention-focused job crafting. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lu, C. Q., Wang, H. J., Lu, J. J., Du, D. Y., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Does work engagement increase person–job fit? The role of job crafting and job insecurity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84, 142–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mäkikangas, A. (2018). Job crafting profiles and work engagement: A person-centered approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 106, 101–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, R. S., Cordano, M., & Silverman, M. (2005). Exploring individual and institutional drivers of proactive environmentalism in the US wine industry. Business Strategy and the Environment, 14, 92–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michie, S., Richardson, M., Johnston, M., Abraham, C., Francis, J., Hardeman, W., … & Wood, C. E. (2013). The behavior change technique taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: Building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 46, 81–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, W. M., Savani, K., Mor, S., & Cho, J. (2014). As the Romans do: Acquiring and using knowledge of other cultures. Research in Organizational Behavior, 34, 189–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moyson, S., Raaphorst, N., Groeneveld, S., & Van de Walle, S. (2018). Organizational socialization in public administration research: A systematic review and directions for future research. The American Review of Public Administration, 48, 610–627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nigg, C. R., Lippke, S., & Maddock, J. E. (2009). Factorial invariance of the theory of planned behavior applied to physical activity across gender, age, and ethnic groups. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10, 219–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Reilly, C. A., Caldwell, D. F., Chatman, J. A., & Doerr, B. (2014). The promise and problems of organizational culture: CEO personality, culture, and firm performance. Group and Organization Management, 39, 595–625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohly, S., Sonnentag, S., Niessen, C., & Zapf, D. (2010). Diary studies in organizational research: an introduction and some practical recommendations. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9, 79–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oreg, S., & Katz-Gerro, T. (2006). Predicting proenvironmental behavior cross-nationally: Values, the theory of planned behavior, and value-belief-norm theory. Environment and Behavior, 38, 462–483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Overstreet, R. E., Cegielski, C., & Hall, D. (2013). Predictors of the intent to adopt preventive innovations: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43, 936–946.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlou, P. A., & Chai, L. (2002). What drives electronic commerce across cultures? Across-cultural empirical investigation of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 3, 240–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 1120–1141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2016). Crafting the change: The role of employee job crafting behaviors for successful organizational change. Journal of Management.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinder, C. C. (2014). Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Job crafting: A meta-analysis of relationships with individual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiter, R. A. C., & Kok, G. (2005). Saying is not always doing: Cigarette warning labels are useless. European Journal of Public Health, 15, 329–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salancik, G. R., & Pfeffer, J. (1978). A social information processing approach to job attitudes and task design. Administrative Science Quarterly, 224–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scalco, A., Noventa, S., Sartori, R., & Ceschi, A. (2017). Predicting organic food consumption: A meta-analytic structural equation model based on the theory of planned behavior. Appetite, 112, 235–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharot, T., Korn, C. W., & Dolan, R. J. (2011). How unrealistic optimism is maintained in the face of reality. Nature Neuroscience, 14, 1475–1482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shin, Y., & Kim, M. J. (2015). Antecedents and mediating mechanisms of proactive behavior: Application of the theory of planned behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32, 289–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shoss, M. K., Jundt, D. K., Kobler, A., & Reynolds, C. (2016). Doing bad to feel better? An investigation of within-and between-person perceptions of counterproductive work behavior as a coping tactic. Journal of Business Ethics, 137, 571–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmetz, H., Knappstein, M., Ajzen, I., Schmidt, P., & Kabst, R. (2016). How effective are behavior change interventions based on the theory of planned Behavior? Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 224, 216–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Kalof, L., & Guagnano, G. A. (1995). Values, beliefs, and proenvironmental action: Attitude formation toward emergent attitude objects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 1611–1636.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sturman, M. C., Shao, L., & Katz, J. H. (2012). The effect of culture on the curvilinear relationship between performance and turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 46–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 173–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2014). Daily job crafting and the self-efficacy—performance relationship. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29, 490–507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2015). Job crafting and job performance: A longitudinal study. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24, 914–928.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tims, M., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Job crafting and its relationships with person–job fit and meaningfulness: A three-wave study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 44–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Hooft, E. A., Born, M. P., Taris, T. W., & van der Flier, H. (2004). Job search and the theory of planned behavior: Minority–majority group differences in The Netherlands. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 366–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Hooft, E. A., Born, M. P., Taris, T. W., & van der Flier, H. (2006). The cross-cultural generalizability of the theory of planned behavior: A study on job seeking in the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37, 127–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vogt, K., Hakanen, J. J., Brauchli, R., Jenny, G. J., & Bauer, G. F. (2016). The consequences of job crafting: A three-wave study. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25, 353–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, G. J., Courneya, K. S., & Deng, J. (2006). Ethnicity, gender, and the theory of planned behavior: The case of playing the lottery. Journal of Leisure Research, 38, 224–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb, T. L., & Sheeran, P. (2006). Does changing behavioral intentions engender behavior change? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 249–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weseler, D., & Niessen, C. (2016). How job crafting relates to task performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31, 672–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiethoff, C. (2004). Motivation to learn and diversity training: Application of the theory of planned behavior. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15, 263–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wing Kwan, M. Y., Bray, S. R., & Martin Ginis, K. A. (2009). Predicting physical activity of first-year university students: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of American College Health, 58, 45–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winkelnkemper, P. (2014). The theory of planned behavior. Meta-analysis and structural equation models. (Unpublished diploma thesis). University of Giessen, Germany.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26, 179–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Sciences, Verona University, Verona, Italy

    Arianna Costantini, Andrea Ceschi & Riccardo Sartori

Authors
  1. Arianna Costantini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andrea Ceschi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Riccardo Sartori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arianna Costantini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Human Performance Management Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands

    Llewellyn Ellardus Van Zyl

  2. Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa

    Sebastiaan Rothmann Sr.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Costantini, A., Ceschi, A., Sartori, R. (2019). The Theory of Planned Behaviour as a Frame for Job Crafting: Explaining and Enhancing Proactive Adjustment at Work. In: Van Zyl, L., Rothmann Sr., S. (eds) Theoretical Approaches to Multi-Cultural Positive Psychological Interventions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20583-6_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation