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Health and Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer

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Book cover Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1152))

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common noncutaneous malignancy and the second most lethal form of cancer among women in the United States. It currently affects more than one in ten women worldwide. The chance for a female to be diagnosed with breast cancer during her lifetime has significantly increased from 1 in 11 women in 1975 to 1 in 8 women (Altekruse, SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2007. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 2010). This chance for a female of being diagnosed with cancer generally increases with age (Howlader et al, SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2010. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 2013). Fortunately, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased in recent years due to increased emphasis on early detection and more effective treatments in the White population. Although the mortality rates have declined in some ethnic populations, the overall cancer incidence among African American and Hispanic population has continued to grow. The goal of the work presented in this book chapter is to highlight similarities and differences in breast cancer morbidity and mortality rates among non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black populations. This book chapter also provides an overview of breast cancer, racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer, breast cancer incidence and mortality rate linked to hereditary, major risk factors of breast cancer among minority population, breast cancer treatment, and health disparity. A considerable amount of breast cancer treatment research have been conducted, but with limited success for African Americans compared to other ethnic groups. Therefore, new strategies and approaches are needed to promote breast cancer prevention, improve survival rates, reduce breast cancer mortality, and ultimately improve the health outcomes of racial/ethnic minorities. In addition, it is vital that leaders and medical professionals from minority population groups be represented in decision-making in research so that racial disparity in breast cancer can be well-studied, fully addressed, and ultimately eliminated in breast cancer.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant #G12MD007581 through the RCMI-Center for Environmental Health and in part by the NIH grant #P20MD006899 through the Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities at Jackson State University. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number P20MD006899. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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All authors contributed to the writing of the book chapter.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA

    Clement G. Yedjou, Felicite Noubissi, Duber D. Fonseca, Richard A. Alo & Paul B. Tchounwou

  2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Service, Jackson State University, Jackson Medical Mall - Thad Cochran Center, Jackson, MS, USA

    Jennifer N. Sims & Marinelle Payton

  3. LSU Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Lucio Miele

  4. Getting to Know Cancer (NGO), Truro, NS, Canada

    Leroy Lowe

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  1. Clement G. Yedjou
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  2. Jennifer N. Sims
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  3. Lucio Miele
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  4. Felicite Noubissi
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  5. Leroy Lowe
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  6. Duber D. Fonseca
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  7. Richard A. Alo
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  8. Marinelle Payton
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  9. Paul B. Tchounwou
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Clement G. Yedjou .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA

    Aamir Ahmad

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Yedjou, C.G. et al. (2019). Health and Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer. In: Ahmad, A. (eds) Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1152. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_3

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