Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the bullying dynamic and explains how other forms of violence (i.e., sibling violence, child maltreatment, teen dating violence, domestic violence, college hazing, workplace bullying, elder maltreatment, discrimination, and violence within and between larger organizations) can be understood through the framework of bullying. An in-depth discussion of the definition of bullying is provided, including a new and innovative definition. The complexities of the definition, including power imbalance and repetition, are discussed. An overview of different forms of bullying (e.g., physical, verbal, relational, electronic) and national and international prevalence rates is included.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aluede, O., Adeleke, F., Omoike, D., & Afen-Akpaida, J. (2008). A review of the extent, nature, characteristics, and effects of bullying behaviour in schools. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 35, 151–158.
Bazelon, E. (May 10, 2012). How bad was Mitt Romney’s prep school bullying? Slate. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/bulle/2012/05/romney_s_bullying_how_bad_was_the_vicious_incident_reported_by_the_washington_post_html
Bully Statistics. (2010). Bullying statistics 2010. Retrieved from www.bullyingstatistics.org
Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. (2015). Medical expenditure panel survey (MEPS) summary data tables – Household component. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved from https://meps.ahrq.gov/mepstrends/hc_cond/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015a). Youth risk behavior surveillance system: High school YRBSS. Atlanta, GA: Author. Retrieved from https://nccd.cdc.gov/youthonline/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015b). Youth risk behavior surveillance system: Middle school YRBSS. Atlanta, GA: Author. Retrieved from https://nccd.cdc.gov/youthonline/
Division of Violence Prevention. (2016). Preventing multiple forms of violence: A strategic vision for connecting the dots. Atlanta, GA: Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Evans, C. B. R., & Smokowski, P. R. (2016). Understanding weaknesses in bullying research: How school personnel can help strengthen bullying research and practice. Children and Youth Services Review, 69, 143–150.
Finkelhor, D., Turner, H., Hamby, S., & Ormrod, R. (2011). Polyvictimization: Children’s exposure to multiple types of violence, crime, and abuse. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Finkelhor, D., Turner, H. A., & Hamby, S. (2012). Let’s prevent peer victimization, not just bullying. Child Abuse & Neglect, 36, 271–274.
Finkelhor, D., Turner, H. A., Ormrod, R., Hamby, S. L., & Kracke, K. (2009). Children’s exposure to violence: A comprehensive national survey. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Foshee, V. A., Reyes, L. M., Tharp, A. T., Chang, L., Ennett, S. T., Simon, S. T., … Suchindran, C. (2015). Shared longitudinal predictors of physical peer and dating violence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(1), 106–112.
Gladden, R. M., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Hamburger, M. E., & Lumpkin, C. D. (2014). Bullying surveillance among youths: Uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements, Version 1.0. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U.S. Department of Education.
Hamby, S., & Grych, J. (2013). The web of violence: Exploring connections among different forms of interpersonal violence and abuse. New York, NY: Springer Briefs in Sociology.
Herrenkohl, T. I., Sousa, C., Tajima, E. A., Herrnkohl, R. C., & Moylan, C. A. (2008). Intersection of child abuse and children’s exposure to domestic violence. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 9(2), 84–99.
Highmark Foundation. (n.d.). The cost benefit of bullying prevention: A first-time analysis of savings. Pittsburgh, PA: Author. Retrieved from https://www.highmarkfoundation.org/pdf/publications/HMK_Bullying%20Report_final.pdf
Horowitz, J. (May 10, 2012). Mitt Romney’s prep school classmates recall pranks, but also troubling incidents. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mitt-romneys-prep-school-classmates-recall-pranks-but-alsotroubling-incidents/2012/05/10/gIQA3WOKFU_story.html
Kemp-Graham, K. Y., & Hendricks, L. (2015). The socio-emotional and financial costs of bullying. Journal of Bullying and Social Aggression, 1(1). Online.
Klevens, J., Simon, T. R., & Chen, J. (2012). Are the perpetrators of violence one and the same? Exploring the co-occurrence of physical aggression in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(10), 1987–2002.
Kowalski, R. M., Limber, S. P., & Agatston, P. W. (2012). Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
Modecki, K. L., Minchin, J., Harbaugh, A. G., Guerra, N. G., & Runions, K. C. (2014). Bullying prevalence across contexts: A meta-analysis measuring cyber and traditional bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55, 602–611.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2015). School crime supplement to the national crime victimization survey 2015 questionnaire. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/programs/crime/student_questionnaires.aspcrime/pdf/student/SCS2015.pdf
Nazir, T., & Piskin, M. (2015). School bullying: Effecting child’s mental health. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2(4), 130–135.
Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Phillips, R. (2011). The financial costs of bullying, violence, and vandalism. Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary Principals: Leading Schools. Retrieved from http://community-matters.org/downloads/SLATE%20magazine.%20Financial%20Cost%20of%20Bullying,%20Violence%20and%20Vandalism%20Feb%202011.pdf
Raskaukas, J., & Stoltz, A. D. (2007). Involvement in traditional and electronic bullying among adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 43(3), 564–575.
Sumner, S. A., Mercy, J. A., Dahlberg, L. L., Hillis, S. D., Klevens, J., & Houry, D. (2015). Violence in the United States: Status, challenges, and opportunities. Journal of American Medical Association, 314(5), 478–488.
Tamosiunas, A., Reklaitiene, R., Virvicute, D., & Sopagiene, D. (2006). Trends in suicide in Lithuanian urban population over the period 1984-2003. BMC Public Health, 6, 184–190.
Ttofi, M., Farrington, D. P., & Losel, F. (2012). School bullying as predictor of violence later in life: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17, 405–418.
Ttofi, M. M., Farrington, D. P., Losel, F., & Loeber, R. (2011). Do victims of school bullies tend to become depressed later in life? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Aggression, Conflict, and Peace Research, 3(11), 63–73.
Turner, M. B., Exum, M. L., Brame, R., & Holt, T. J. (2013). Bullying victimization and adolescent mental health: General and typological effects across sex. Journal of Criminal Justice, 41(1), 53–59.
U.S. Department of Education. (2016). Student reports of bullying: Results from the 2015 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2017/2017015.pdf
Wang, J., Iannotti, R. J., & Nansel, T. R. (2009). School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45(4), 368–375.
Wilkins, N., Tsao, B., Hertz, M., Davis, R., & Klevens, J. (2014). Connecting the dots: An overview of the links among multiple forms of violence. Atlanta, GA; Oakland, CA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Prevention Institute.
World Health Organization. (2012). Social determinants of health and well-being among young people-Health behavior in school-aged children (HBSC) study: International report from the 2009/2010 survey. Geneva: Author. Retrieved from http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/163857/Social-determinants-of-health-and-well-being-among-young-people.pdf
World Health Organization. (2016). Growing up unequal-Gender and socioeconomic differences in young people’s health and well-being: Health Behavior in school-aged children (HBSC) Study: International Report from the 2013/2014 survey. Geneva: Author. Retrieved from http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/303438/HSBC-No.7-Growing-up-unequal-Full-Report.pdf?ua=1
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Smokowski, P.R., Evans, C.B.R. (2019). Playground Politics: How the Bullying Framework Can Be Applied to Multiple Forms of Violence. In: Bullying and Victimization Across the Lifespan. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20293-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20293-4_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20292-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20293-4
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)