Abstract
Pulsed laser systems have become a growing field in the past few years, especially in the treatment of the hard to machine engineering materials through conventional contact methods. As the challenge of the selection of efficient machining parameters is apparent, the modeled time dependent surface temperature and stress field evolution profiles will aid in improving the experimental design process. Due to the temperature gradient between the irradiated surface and the interior regions, excessive thermal residual stresses are induced in and around the heat affected zone. Depending on the laser intensity, the thermal stresses induced may lead to formation of micro-cracks and their propagation which can reduce the component fatigue life during its application. The current study aimed at understanding the evolution and distribution of thermal stresses on the material and to also evaluate the effect of laser energy intensity on the temperature and the induced thermal stresses. As a result of high temperatures involved, and a short interaction time associated with practical experiments, a computational approach in COMSOL Multiphysics was used. In the present research, the thermal modeling of High Frequency Nd:YAG in the machining of sintered silicon nitride ceramics was conducted. From the results, the model indicated that heating the target materials surface raises the temperature gradient which induced compressive thermal stresses. Two cycles were observed, the heating cycle where the laser was ON (0–250 ns) and cooling cycle during laser OFF time (after 250 ns).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
De Faoite D, Browne DJ, Chang-Diaz FR, Stanton KT (2011) A review of the processing, composition, and temperature-dependent mechanical and thermal properties of dielectric technical ceramics. Mater Sci 47:4211–4235
Klotizibach U, Lasagni FA, Panzner M, Franke V (2011) Laser ablation. Adv Struct Mater 10:29–45
Zhang GM, Amand DK, Ghosh S, Ko MK (1993) Study of the formation of macro and micro cracks during machining of the ceramics. NIST Spec Publ 847:465–478
Samant AN, Dahotre NB (2009) Differences in physical phenomena governing laser machining of structural ceramics. Ceram Int 35:2093–2097
Vora HD, Dahotre NB (2015) Multiphysics theoretical evaluation of thermal stresses in laser machined structural alumina. Lasers Manuf Mater Process 2:1–23
Vasantgadka AN, Bhandarkar UV, Josho SS (2010) A finite element model to predict the ablation depth in pulsed laser ablation. Thin Film Solids 519:1421–1430
Majumda JD, Manna I (2013) Introduction to laser-assisted fabrication of metals. Mater Sci 161:1–69
Dubey AK, Yadava V (2008) Laser beam machining—a review. Int J Mech Tools Manuf 48:609–628
Samant AN, Dahotre NB (2008) Computational prediction in single-dimensional laser machining of alumina. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 48:1345–1353
Meijer J (2004) Laser beam machining (LBM), state of the art and new opportunities. J Mater Process Technol 149:2–17
Zhang W, Yao YL (2001) Feasibility study of inducing desirable residual stress distribution in laser micro-machining. Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME (NAMRC XXIX), pp 413–420
Ortizs M, Molinari A (1988) Microstructural thermal stresses in ceramic materials. Mech Phys Solids 36:385–400
Anderoglue O (2004) Residual stress measurement using X-ray diffraction. Master of Science Thesis, Texas A&M University, USA
Pfeiffer W, Rombach M (1999) Macroscopic and microscopic residual stresses in ceramics due to contact loading. Adv X-Ray Anal 41:493–500
Prevey PS (1986) X-ray diffraction residual stress techniques. Am Soc Metals 380–392
Baratish A, Narasimhamurthy HN, Aditya G, Anand B, Satyanarayana BS, Krishna M (2015) Evaluation of thermal residual stresses in laser drilled alumina ceramics using micro-Raman spectroscopy and COMSOL Multiphysics. Optics Laser Technol 70:76–84
Rihakova L, Chmelickova H (2015) Review article: laser ablation of glass, silicon, and ceramics. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2:1–6
Riley FL (2000) Silicon nitride and related materials. J Am Ceram 83:245–265
Smith FW (2006) Foundation of material science and engineering, 4th edn. Mc Graw Hill, New York, USA
Shulka PP, Lawrence J (2010) Surface characterization and compositional evaluation of a fibre laser processed silicon nitride engineering ceramic. Laser Eng 20:359–380
Samant AN, Dahotre NB (2009) Laser machining of structural ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 29:969–993
Vora HD, Santhanakrishnan S, Harimkar SP, Boetcher SKS, Dahotre NB (2013) One-dimensional multi-pulse laser machining of structural alumina: evolution of surface topography. Inter J Adv Manuf Technol 68:69–83
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Fraunhofer Institute for Thin Films and Surface Technology (ITS) and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—National Laser Center (CSIR-NLC) for the initiation of the project. National Research Fund (NRF) and the Tshwane University of Technology are also acknowledged for funding the research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jojo, N., Ntuli, C.P., Tshabalala, L.C., Pityana, S. (2019). Thermal Modelling of Pulsed Laser Ablation of Silicon Nitride Ceramics. In: Ramasami, P., Gupta Bhowon, M., Jhaumeer Laulloo, S., Li Kam Wah, H. (eds) Chemistry for a Clean and Healthy Planet. ICPAC 2018. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20283-5_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20283-5_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20282-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20283-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)