Abstract
The cerebellum is an important structure for the coordination and regulation of motor actions. Macroscopically it can be subdivided into the midline vermis and the lateral hemispheres. It disposes of a cortex of three layers (granular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and molecular layer) and an extended white matter (the so-called arbor vitae because it appears as a treelike structure). The latter harbors the cerebellar nuclei, the output structures of the cerebellum to other parts of the brain. The main cerebellar targets are the motor nuclei of the thalamus and the mesencephalic red nucleus. The main direct input to the cerebellum originates in the precerebellar nuclei reaching the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum either directly via the climbing fibers from the inferior olivary complex or via the mossy fibers from a number of other nuclei, predominantly the pontine nuclei. There is a cortico-cerebello-cortical loop starting in the cerebral cortex running to the pontine nuclei and from there to the cerebellum. The cerebellar Purkinje cells contact the cerebellar nuclei which via the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract target the motor thalamic nuclei. These close the loop via thalamocortical connections.
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Schröder, H., Moser, N., Huggenberger, S. (2020). The Mouse Cerebellum. In: Neuroanatomy of the Mouse. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19898-5_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19898-5_7
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