Skip to main content

Global Diversity Management

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Global Diversity Management

Part of the book series: Management for Professionals ((MANAGPROF))

Abstract

Managing diversity is an imperative for organisations of all sectors and sizes. If managed effectively, workforce diversity promises to have positive social, economic and environmental consequences by removing barriers to contributions of individuals from diverse backgrounds; by transforming ways of thinking, structures and routines of work; and by regulating work and life in unprecedented ways. As the literature on diversity management is littered with narrow rationales, it may seem as if workforce diversity does not have intrinsic merit or wider purpose (social, economic and environment) than that. This chapter brings together a wider range of rationales than just organisational longevity and sustainability alone in pursuing diversity management. It explores the practice of global diversity management (GDM) through models of change and brings evidence together from field studies and organisational case studies. The chapter discusses the three main challenges that face GDM: individualism, deregulation and financialisation. In response to these challenges, the chapter introduces three innovative approaches as contemporary remedies: intersectional solidarity, global value chain and synchronicity, respectively. Intersectional solidarity can help organisations to overcome the individualist tendency that renders diversity management practices ineffectual. The global value chain approach can help organisations to have a more robust and meaningful accounting of diversity interventions across their value chain. Finally, the synchronicity approach challenges the domination of financial decisions on business case arguments, alerting practitioners to the wider possibilities of social, economic and environmental benefits in acausal forms of togetherness and coexistence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Barak, M. E. M. (2016). Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, M. (2018). Adapting work to the worker: The evolving EU legal framework on accommodating worker diversity. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 18(2–3), 124–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chatrakul Na Ayudhya, U., Prouska, R., & Alexandra Beauregard, T. (2017). The impact of global economic crisis and austerity on quality of working life and work-life balance: A capabilities perspective. European Management Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conley, H., & Page, M. (2017). Revisiting Jewson and Mason: The politics of gender equality in UK local government in a cold climate. Gender, Work and Organization, 24(1), 7–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobbin, F., & Kalev, A. (2016). Why diversity programs fail and what works better. Harvard Business Review, 94(7–8), 52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobbin, F., & Kalev, A. (2018). Why doesn’t diversity training work? The challenge for industry and academia. Anthropology Now, 10(2), 48–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gardenswartz, L., Rowe, A., Digh, P., & Bennett, M. (2003). The global diversity desk reference: Managing an international workforce. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbon, P., Bair, J., & Ponte, S. (2008). Governing global value chains: An introduction. Economy and Society, 37(3), 315–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, P. (2018). The marketingization of higher education. In M. Peters (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational philosophy and theory. Singapore: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herring, C. (2009). Does diversity pay?: Race, gender, and the business case for diversity. American Sociological Review, 74(2), 208–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holck, L., & Muhr, S. L. (2017). Unequal solidarity? Towards a norm-critical approach to welfare logics. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 33(1), 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, S. E., & Alvarez, E. B. (1992). Working through diversity as a strategic imperative. In S. E. Jackson (Ed.), The professional practice series. Diversity in the workplace: Human resources initiatives (pp. 13–29). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jonsen, K., & Özbilgin, M. (2013). Models of global diversity management. Diversity at Work: The practice of inclusion (pp. 364–390). San Francisco: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jonsen, K., Tatli, A., Özbilgin, M. F., & Bell, M. P. (2013). The tragedy of the uncommons: Reframing workforce diversity. Human Relations, 66(2), 271–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joo, M. K., Kong, D., & Atwater, L. (2018, July). Workforce gender diversity, human resource practices, and organizational outcomes. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1, p. 17603). Briarcliff Manor, NY: Academy of Management.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jung, C. G. (2010). Synchronicity: An acausal connecting principle. In The collected works of C. G. Jung (Vol. 8). Chicago: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kakabadse, N. K., Figueira, C., Nicolopoulou, K., Hong Yang, J., Kakabadse, A. P., & Özbilgin, M. F. (2015). Gender diversity and board performance: Women’s experiences and perspectives. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 265–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalev, A., Dobbin, F., & Kelly, E. (2006). Best practices or best guesses? Assessing the efficacy of corporate affirmative action and diversity policies. American Sociological Review, 71(4), 589–617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karabacakoglu, F., & Özbilgin, M. (2010). Global diversity management at Ericsson: The business case. In L. Costanzo (Ed.), Cases in strategic management (pp. 79–91). London: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kidder, D. L., Lankau, M. J., Chrobot-Mason, D., Mollica, K. A., & Friedman, R. A. (2004). Backlash toward diversity initiatives: Examining the impact of diversity program justification, personal and group outcomes. International Journal of Conflict Management, 15(1), 77–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klarsfeld, A. (2009). Managing diversity: The virtue of coercion. In M. Özbilgin (Ed.), Equality, diversity and inclusion at work: A research companion (p. 25, 322). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klarsfeld, A., Ng, E., & Tatli, A. (2012). Social regulation and diversity management: A comparative study of France, Canada and the United Kingdom. European Journal of Industrial Relations, 18(4), 309–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kochan, T., Bezrukova, K., Ely, R., Jackson, S., Joshi, A., Jehn, K., et al. (2003). The effects of diversity on business performance: Report of the diversity research network. Human Resource Management, in cooperation with School of Business Administration, University of Michigan, and in alliance with Society of Human Resources Management, 42(1), 3–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Köllen, T. (Ed.). (2016). Sexual orientation and transgender issues in organizations: Global perspectives on LGBT workforce diversity. Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Köllen, T., Kakkuri-Knuuttila, M. L., & Bendl, R. (2018). An indisputable ‘holy trinity’? On the moral value of equality, diversity, and inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, 37(5), 438–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakidou, O., Kyriacou, O., Özbilgin, M., & Dedoulis, E. (2016). Equality, diversity and inclusion in accounting. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 35, 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lauring, J. (2013). International diversity management: Global ideals and local responses. British Journal of Management, 24(2), 211–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzo, R., & Reeves, M. (2018). How and where diversity drives financial performance. Harvard Business Review, January, 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHugh, P. J., & Perrault, E. (2018). Accelerating time: The effect of social pressures and regulation on board gender diversity post-IPO. Journal of General Management, 43(3), 95–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mor Barak, M. E. (2018). Erecting walls versus tearing them down: Inclusion and the (false) paradox of diversity in times of economic upheaval. European Management Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mushaben, J. M. (2017). Misrepresenting America’s women: Trump’s three-pronged attack on gender equality. FEMINA, 2, 147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nentwich, J. C., Özbilgin, M. F., & Tatli, A. (2015). Change agency as performance and embeddedness: Exploring the possibilities and limits of Butler and Bourdieu. Culture and Organization, 21(3), 235–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ng, E. S., & Sears, G. J. (2018). Walking the talk on diversity: CEO beliefs, moral values, and the implementation of workplace diversity practices. Journal of Business Ethics, November, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-4051-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nishii, L. H., & Özbilgin, M. F. (2007). Global diversity management: Towards a conceptual framework. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(11), 1883–1894.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noon, M. (2007). The fatal flaws of diversity and the business case for ethnic minorities. Work, Employment and Society, 21(4), 773–784.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noon, M. (2018). Pointless diversity training: Unconscious bias, new racism and agency. Work, Employment and Society, 32(1), 198–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Opstrup, N., & Villadsen, A. R. (2015). The right mix? Gender diversity in top management teams and financial performance. Public Administration Review, 75(2), 291–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Özbilgin, M. (2018). What the racial equality movement can learn from the global fight for women’s rights. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/what-the-racial-equality-movement-can-learn-from-the-global-fight-for-womens-rights-105616

  • Özbilgin, M., & Chanlat, J. F. (Eds.). (2017). Management and diversity: Perspectives from different national contexts. Bingley: Emerald.

    Google Scholar 

  • Özbilgin, M., & Slutskaya, N. (2017). Consequences of neoliberal politics on equality and diversity at work in Britain: Is resistance futile? Management and Diversity: Thematic Approaches, 4, 319–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Özbilgin, M., Tatli, A., Ipek, G., & Sameer, M. (2016a). Four approaches to accounting for diversity in global organisations. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 35, 88–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Özbilgin, M., Tatli, A., Ipek, G., & Sameer, M. (2016b). The business case for diversity management. ACCA and ESRC-sponsored research project report. Retrieved from https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-technical/human-capital/pol-tp-tbcfdm-diversity-management.pdf

  • Özbilgin, M., Tatli, A., & Jonsen, K. (2015). Global diversity management: An evidence-based approach. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi, K. (1944). The great transformation: Economic and political origins of our time. New York: Rinehart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raco, M. (2018). Living with diversity: Local social imaginaries and the politics of intersectionality in a super-diverse city. Political Geography, 62, 149–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reilly, P., & Williams, T. (2016). Global HR: Challenges facing the function. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Roberson, Q. M. (2018). Diversity and inclusion in the workplace: A review, synthesis, and future research agenda. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6, 69–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberson, Q., Ryan, A. M., & Ragins, B. R. (2017). The evolution and future of diversity at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, G., & Dechant, K. (1997). Building a business case for diversity. Academy of Management Perspectives, 11(3), 21–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romani, L., Holck, L., Holgersson, C., & Muhr, S. L. (2017). Diversity management and the Scandinavian model: Illustrations from Denmark and Sweden. In Management and diversity: Perspectives from different national contexts (pp. 261–280). Bingley: Emerald.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Seierstad, C. (2016). Beyond the business case: The need for both utility and justice rationales for increasing the share of women on boards. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 24(4), 390–405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sippola, A., & Smale, A. (2007). The global integration of diversity management: A longitudinal case study. Human Resource Management, 18(11), 1895–1916.

    Google Scholar 

  • Syed, J., & Özbilgin, M. (2009). A relational framework for international transfer of diversity management practices. Human Resource Management, 20(12), 2435–2453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Syed, J., & Özbilgin, M. (Eds.). (2015). Managing diversity and inclusion: An international perspective. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tatli, A., Vassilopoulou, J., Ariss, A. A., & Özbilgin, M. (2012). The role of regulatory and temporal context in the construction of diversity discourses: The case of the UK, France and Germany. European Journal of Industrial Relations, 18(4), 293–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomaskovic-Devey, D., & Lin, K. H. (2013). Financialization: Causes, inequality consequences, and policy implications. NC Banking Institute, 18, 167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tormos, F. (2017). Intersectional solidarity. Politics, Groups, and Identities, 5(4), 707–720.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vassilopoulou, J., Da Rocha, J. P., Seierstad, C., April, K., & Özbilgin, M. (2013). International diversity management: Examples from the USA, South Africa, and Norway. In B. Christiansen, E. Turkina, & N. Williams (Eds.), Cultural and technological influences on global business (pp. 14–28). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vassilopoulou, J., Kyriakidou, O., da Rocha, J. P., Georgiadou, A., & Barak, M. E. M. (2018). International perspectives on securing human and social rights and diversity gains at work in the aftermath of the global economic crisis and in times of austerity. European Management Review.https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12333.

  • Wrench, J. (2016). Diversity management and discrimination: Immigrants and ethnic minorities in the EU. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mustafa F. Özbilgin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Özbilgin, M.F. (2019). Global Diversity Management. In: Özbilgin, M.F., Bartels-Ellis, F., Gibbs, P. (eds) Global Diversity Management. Management for Professionals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19523-6_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics