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2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) pp 161–175Cite as

Chemical and Electrochemical Intercalation of Ions and Molecules into MXenes

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Abstract

MXenes have hydrophilic interlayer spaces that can accommodate a large variety of intercalants. These are typically molecules such as H2O or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or ions such as metal or ammonium cations. This chapter summarizes the body of literature that has explored exactly what compositions of intercalants have been studied, the nature and extent of the intercalation process, and the effects on structure of the MXenes and resulting changes to properties. This is of special interest due to MXene’s use in applications and devices involving electrochemical ion intercalation.Alkali, alkaline earth, transition metal, and alkylammonium (AA) cations are reviewed in-depth. The first three groups lead to co-intercalation with H2O molecules dependent upon environmental relative humidity, leading to reversible expansion of the basal spacing. The latter leads to a wide range of changes in basal spacing as a function of the structure and packing of the alkylammonium cations. Both chemical and electrochemical intercalation is discussed, and the material property changes that result are highlighted, ranging from electrical conductivity to mechanical properties.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Michael Ghidiu & Michel W. Barsoum

  2. Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Michael Naguib

Authors
  1. Michael Ghidiu
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  2. Michael Naguib
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  3. Michel W. Barsoum
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Michael Naguib or Michel W. Barsoum .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Babak Anasori

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Yury Gogotsi

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Ghidiu, M., Naguib, M., Barsoum, M.W. (2019). Chemical and Electrochemical Intercalation of Ions and Molecules into MXenes. In: Anasori, B., Gogotsi, Y. (eds) 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19026-2_10

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