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Recent Developments in Fungal Diseases of Laboratory Animals pp 29–48Cite as

Immunological Diagnosis of Fungal Disease in Animals

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Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Immunodiagnostic testing in fungal infection directly depends on immunological interaction of fungi with host. Eukaryotic nature of host and fungal pathogen raise a challenge to treat infection on time and require extensive investigation on time. This chapter highlights sample collection and processing in laboratory for fungal diagnosis. Fungal antigens used for immunological diagnosis are polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and proteins. Among these, polysaccharides are most abundantly used. Major immunological techniques used for fungal diagnosis are immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase staining, counter-immunoelectrophoresis, immunodiffusion, immunoblotting, latex particle agglutination, tube precipitin, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We review the major advances to understand the disease progression and the involvement of immunological mechanisms in host defenses against the parasite. In addition, several immunodiagnostic tests and potential antigens for diagnosis are mainly discussed in detail to present current status and future perspectives of the immunodiagnosis of fungal diseases. It is concluded that proper fungal diagnosis can be done using antigen-antibody interaction at a cheap price. However, a continued screening is required for novel antigen which allows researcher to develop new diagnostic methods to follow the progression of disease. It is also suggested that limitations of the currently available rapid tests for point-of-care diagnosis of fungal diseases can be surpassed by fusing molecular biology techniques and immunodiagnostic procedures along with other conventional devices and techniques.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Dr. Rohan D’Souza, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, St. John’s College Agra, for his due help in writing of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Avnish Kumar & Monika Asthana

  2. Dengue/Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharastra, India

    Sarika Amdekar

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  1. Avnish Kumar
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  2. Sarika Amdekar
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Sri Avadh Raj Singh Smarak Degree College, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Arti Gupta

  2. Department of Zoology, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Nagendra Pratap Singh

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Kumar, A., Amdekar, S., Asthana, M. (2019). Immunological Diagnosis of Fungal Disease in Animals. In: Gupta, A., Singh, N. (eds) Recent Developments in Fungal Diseases of Laboratory Animals. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18586-2_3

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