Practical Points
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Allergic contact dermatitis is caused by type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction
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In the induction phase, contact allergens cross the horny layer of the epidermis and form hapten-protein conjugates, which are presented to T cells by Langerhans cells
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Activated T cells evolve into dermal memory T cells and trigger acute immune system reaction after next exposure to the allergen, in the elicitation phas
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References
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Spornraft-Ragaller P, Schnuch A, Uter W. Extreme patch test reactivity to p-phenylenediamine but not to other allergens in children. Contact dermat. 2011;65(4):220–6.
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Baran, W., Szepietowski, J. (2019). Multiple Blisters Over the Dorsum of the Hand. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Pediatric Allergy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18282-3_32
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