Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prevalence and Prevention of Thromboembolic Events in Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy

  • 353 Accesses

Abstract

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) is a rare cardiomyopathy characterized by prominent myocardial trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses in the left ventricular (LV) cavity. Due to its special phenotype, typical potential complications are heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events. Thromboembolic events like stroke is a feared complication, and unfortunately not uncommon in NCCM patients. Cardiac emboli are theorized to result from thrombus formation within the intertrabecular recesses, especially in patients with reduced systolic function. Unfortunately, due to its rarity and relatively young disease entity, evidence-based recommendations for preventing thromboembolic events in NCCM have not been established. According to recent literature, atrial fibrillation (AF) is relatively common in patients with NCCM and therefore, oral anticoagulants, including vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and new oral anticoagulants (NOAC), seem to be reasonable to reduce thromboembolic rate. In case of a history of previous stroke and thromboembolism, VKA or NOAC use is according the current clinical insights beyond any doubt. In NCCM patient with an systolic dysfunction, but sinus rhythm, overall benefit of preventive oral anticoagulation should be yet demonstrated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ronderos R, Avegliano G, Borelli E, Kuschnir P, Castro F, Sanchez G, Perea G, Corneli M, Zanier MM, Andres S, Aranda A, Conde D, Trivi M. Estimation of prevalence of the left ventricular noncompaction among adults. Am J Cardiol. 2016;118:901–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Udeoji DU, Philip KJ, Morrissey RP, Phan A, Schwarz ER. Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy: updated review. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;7:260–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ikeda U, Minamisawa M, Koyama J. Isolated left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy in adults. J Cardiol. 2015;65:91–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chin TK, Perloff JK, Williams RG, Jue K, Mohrmann R. Isolated noncompaction of left ventricular myocardium. A study of eight cases. Circulation. 1990;82:507–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Jenni R, Oechslin E, Schneider J, Attenhofer Jost C, Kaufmann PA. Echocardiographic and pathoanatomical characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compaction: a step towards classification as a distinct cardiomyopathy. Heart. 2001;86(6):666–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Stöllberger C, Finsterer J. Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2004;17:91–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Belanger AR, Miller MA, Donthireddi UR, Najovits AJ, Goldman ME. New classification scheme of left ventricular noncompaction and correlation with ventricular performance. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102:92–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Diwadkar S, Nallamshetty L, Rojas C, Athienitis A, Declue C, Cox C, Patel A, Chae SH. Echocardiography fails to detect left ventricular noncompaction in a cohort of patients with noncompaction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Cardiol. 2017;40:364–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ivanov A, Dabiesingh DS, Bhumireddy GP, Mohamed A, Asfour A, Briggs WM, Ho J, Khan SA, Grossman A, Klem I, Sacchi TJ, Heitner JF. Prevalence and prognostic significance of left ventricular noncompaction in patients referred for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10:e006174.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nugent AW, Daubeney PE, Chondros P, Carlin JB, Cheung M, Wilkinson LC, Davis AM, Kahler SG, Chow CW, Wilkinson JL, Weintraub RG, National Australian Childhood Cardiomyopathy Study. The epidemiology of childhood cardiomyopathy in Australia. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1639–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Pignatelli RH, McMahon CJ, Dreyer WJ, Denfield SW, Price J, Belmont JW, Craigen WJ, Wu J, El Said H, Bezold LI, Clunie S, Fembach S, Bowles NE, Towbin JA. Clinical characterization of left ventricular noncompaction in children: a relatively common form of cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2003;108:2672–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Miyake CY, Kim JJ. Arrhythmias in left ventricular noncompaction. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2015;7:319–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Thavendiranathan P, Dahiya A, Phelan D, Desai MY, Tang WH. Isolated left ventricular non-compaction controversies in diagnostic criteria, adverse outcomes and management. Heart. 2013;99:681–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Stöllberger C, Blazek G, Dobias C, Hanafin A, Wegner C, Finsterer J. Frequency of stroke and embolism in left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108:1021–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Finsterer J, Stöllberger C. Primary prophylactic anticoagulation is mandatory if noncompaction is associated with atrial fibrillation or heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:268–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Rooms I, Dujardin K, De Sutter J. Non-compaction cardiomyopathy: a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder. Acta Cardiol. 2015;70:625–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, Castella M, Diener HC, Heidbuchel H, Hendriks J, Hindricks G, Manolis AS, Oldgren J, Popescu BA, Schotten U, Van Putte B, Vardas P, Agewall S, Camm J, Baron Esquivias G, Budts W, Carerj S, Casselman F, Coca A, De Caterina R, Deftereos S, Dobrev D, Ferro JM, Filippatos G, Fitzsimons D, Gorenek B, Guenoun M, Hohnloser SH, Kolh P, Lip GY, Manolis A, McMurray J, Ponikowski P, Rosenhek R, Ruschitzka F, Savelieva I, Sharma S, Suwalski P, Tamargo JL, Taylor CJ, Van Gelder IC, Voors AA, Windecker S, Zamorano JL, Zeppenfeld K. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37:2893–962.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JG, Coats AJ, Falk V, González-Juanatey JR, Harjola VP, Jankowska EA, Jessup M, Linde C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Parissis JT, Pieske B, Riley JP, Rosano GM, Ruilope LM, Ruschitzka F, Rutten FH, van der Meer P, Members A/TF, Reviewers D. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18:891–975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Tavares de Melo MD, de Araújo Filho JA, Parga Filho JR, de Lima CR, Mady C, Kalil-Filho R, Salemi VM. Noncompaction cardiomyopathy: a substrate for a thromboembolic event. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2015;15:7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Erath JW, Hohnloser SH. Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: current evidence and guideline recommendations. Herz. 2018;43(1):2–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Homma S, Thompson JL, Pullicino PM, Levin B, Freudenberger RS, Teerlink JR, Ammon SE, Graham S, Sacco RL, Mann DL, Mohr JP, Massie BM, Labovitz AJ, Anker SD, Lok DJ, Ponikowski P, Estol CJ, Lip GY, Di Tullio MR, Sanford AR, Mejia V, Gabriel AP, del Valle ML, Buchsbaum R; WARCEF Investigators. Warfarin and aspirin in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1859–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 2nd Department of Medicine and Cardiology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

    Attila Nemes

Authors
  1. Attila Nemes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Attila Nemes .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Kadir Caliskan

  2. Erasmus MC University Medical Center, The Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Osama I. Soliman

  3. Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Folkert J. ten Cate

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Nemes, A. (2019). Prevalence and Prevention of Thromboembolic Events in Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy. In: Caliskan, K., Soliman, O., ten Cate, F. (eds) Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17720-1_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17720-1_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17719-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-17720-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation