Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of diverse biological processes within the vessel wall in health and disease. Emerging studies have identified unique mechanisms by which lncRNAs control gene expression and cell signaling pathways; however, the field is still nascent. While a growing number of lncRNAs have been functionally evaluated in response to pathophysiological stimuli or in vascular disease states, the biological roles for the majority of lncRNAs have yet to be uncovered. For example, lncRNAs may influence endothelial function by modulating endothelial cell proliferation (e.g., MALAT1, H19) or angiogenesis (e.g., MEG3, MANTIS). LncRNAs have also been found to modulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypes or vascular remodeling (e.g., ANRIL, SMILR, SENCR, MYOSLID). Finally, leukocyte-enriched lncRNAs may control leukocyte activation (e.g., lincRNA-Cox2, linc00305, THRIL), macrophage polarization (e.g., GAS5), and cholesterol metabolism (e.g., LeXis, MeXis). This chapter reviews recent findings on the expression, mechanism, and function of lncRNAs associated with diverse vascular disease states from mice to human subjects. Exploration of lncRNA biology in vascular disease may provide new insights into known signaling pathways, thereby uncovering opportunities for the generation of novel RNA-based biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (HL115141, HL117994, HL134849, and GM115605 to Mark W. Feinberg), the Arthur K. Watson Charitable Trust (to Mark W. Feinberg), and the Dr. Ralph and Marian Falk Medical Research Trust (to Mark W. Feinberg).
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Simion, V., Haemmig, S., Feinberg, M.W. (2019). Long Non-coding RNAs in Vascular Health and Disease. In: Khalil, A. (eds) Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17086-8_7
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