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The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Melanoma Genesis and Progression

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Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs

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Abstract

Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of all cancers (Gordon 2013; Siegel et al. 2018). Melanoma accounts for only 1% of skin cancer cases; however, it is considered the most lethal type of skin cancer (cancer.org 2018a). Cases of melanoma have increased in the past 30 years, and the lack of treatment has remained a challenge. Melanoma derives its name from the pigmented skin cells known as melanocytes, which are the source of its origin. Melanoma is also referred to as malignant melanoma or cutaneous melanoma (Miller and Mihm 2006). While melanocytes are pigmented, melanoma cells could be both pigmented, appearing black or brown, or unpigmented, pink or white, predominantly due to the ability or inability of the cells to synthesize melanin, respectively. Higher levels of melanin pigment in skin lowers the risk of developing melanoma; however, skin portions that lack pigmentation are still at risk of melanoma (cancer.org 2018b). Consequently to this inverse relationship of melanin and susceptibility of acquiring melanoma; proportion of melanoma patients are higher in Caucasians compared with African or Hispanic (Siegel et al. 2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Piyush Joshi & Ranjan J. Perera

  2. Cancer and Blood Disorder Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA

    Piyush Joshi & Ranjan J. Perera

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  1. Piyush Joshi
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Correspondence to Ranjan J. Perera .

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  1. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Ahmad M. Khalil

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Joshi, P., Perera, R.J. (2019). The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Melanoma Genesis and Progression. In: Khalil, A. (eds) Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17086-8_5

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