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Ecotoxic Effect of Photocatalytic Active Nanoparticles on Human Health and the Environment

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Microbial Nanobionics

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

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Abstract

Nanotechnology is a major newfound scientific growth area that can exhibit a variety of risks for environments. The small size of nanoparticles and their morphology, as well as their surface properties, provide surfaces that can bind and carry toxic chemical contaminants. For hazard evaluation of nanoparticles, quantitative ecotoxicological data are required. This chapter presents a complete literature review on the toxicity (L(E) C50 values) of nanoparticles (NPs) to ecological receptors such as algae and aquatic plants (1) to recognize the most harmful nanoparticles and sensitive organism classes; (2) to identify the biological characteristics of the (photocatalytic) nanoparticles that have the most biological importance; and (3) to provide accordant ecotoxicological information for further hazardous assessment. The focus was assessed on some synthetic nanoparticles and organism groups representing main food hain levels (algae and aquatic plants). Furthermore, this chapter provides an extensive literature overview on Ag, CuO and ZnO, and TiO2 NPs toxicity mechanisms on the basis of different environmentally accordant test species in vitro and factors to modify the ecotoxic effect of NPs. Photo-induced toxicity can be another considerable mechanism of toxicity under environmentally accordant UV irradiation. However, the usual rarity of experimental data, their disparate distribution among the photocatalytic nanoparticles and environmental states, the difficulties in modifying nanoparticles and obtaining homogeneous and stable suspensions, and the confusion from indistinct metrics, are discussed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Quantum dots.

  2. 2.

    Lactate dehydrogenase.

  3. 3.

    Dimethyl sulfoxide.

  4. 4.

    Disodium 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

    Majid Peyravi

  2. Nanotechnology Research Institute, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

    Majid Peyravi, Soodabeh Khalili, Mohsen Jahanshahi & Seyedeh Fatemeh Zakeritabar

Authors
  1. Majid Peyravi
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  2. Soodabeh Khalili
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  3. Mohsen Jahanshahi
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  4. Seyedeh Fatemeh Zakeritabar
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Correspondence to Majid Peyravi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Prasad

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Peyravi, M., Khalili, S., Jahanshahi, M., Zakeritabar, S.F. (2019). Ecotoxic Effect of Photocatalytic Active Nanoparticles on Human Health and the Environment. In: Prasad, R. (eds) Microbial Nanobionics. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16534-5_8

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